CHRIST CHURCH 4N SS Prelims 2019 QN

Section A (Source-based Case Study) Question 1 is compulsory for all candidates. 1 Living in a Diverse Society Study the background information and the sources carefully and then answer all the questions. You may use any of the sources to help you answer the questions, in addition to those sources you are told to use. In answering the questions, you should use your knowledge of the topic to help you interpret and evaluate the sources. 1 (a) Study Source A. Why did the cartoonist draw this cartoon? Explain your answer. [5] (b) Study Sources B and C. How different are Sources B and C? Explain your answer. [6] (c) Study Source D. Does Source D prove that racism has been in decline in the USA? Explain your answer. [7] (d) Study Source E. Are you surprised by Source E? Explain your answer. [7] (e) Study all sources. How far do the sources in the case study show that race relations in the United States of America (USA) are improving? Explain your answer. [10] [Turn over

2 CHR 2019/ Combined Humanities (Social Studies) 2175/01, 2176/01/N Are race relations in the United States of America (USA) improving? BACKGROUND INFORMATION: Read this carefully. It may help you answer some of the questions. The issue of race in America has been a challenge for the country since its independence. A diverse country, White Americans form the racial majority while racial minority groups consists of African -Americans, Hispanic s, Latino s and Asian Americans among many others. Since the country’s beginnings, race relations between the majority and minority racial groups have been strained but there has been a distinct divide between African-Americans and White Americans in various aspects of life such as discrimination in receiving housing and employment. Over the decades, the situation improved as government policies and grassroots measures were implemented to address this issue. With the election of America’s first African -American President, it seemed to show an America that has embraced diversity, signalling a mind-set change among Americans. Yet, disproportionate numbers of hate crimes and police brutality against racial minorities were report ed, straining racial relations in America in recent years. This brought the debate about whether race relations in the United States of America (USA) are improving. Study the following sources to assess whether race relations in the USA are improving. [Turn over

3 CHR 2019/ Combined Humanities (Social Studies) 2175/01, 2176/01/N Source A: A cartoonist’s view on the treatment of Americans by law enforcement in the USA from a blogpost in 2018. Source B: A view expressed by a Caucasian writer published in American-based Forbes online magazine, 2018. I grew up in Los Angeles, in a government-subsidised residential estate. Back in 1980s, I’ve had insults like ‘trailer trash’ thrown at me and I hated how it made me feel humiliated. I never wanted to make anyone feel that way. From the 90s, new housing rules to diversify neighbourhoods came and increasingly, my neighbours were Latino, black and Asian. Growing up in that neighbourhood taught me to see people of colour as real people, not stereotypes. Today, my best friends Warren, is black, Martin is Latino but we never judged each other because of our skin colour. The rise of racially diverse relationships existing at many levels of society is something to be proud of. Source C: An extract of a speech made during a ‘Black Lives Matter’ * protest by an African-American woman in New York, 2018. Opening my shop , I heard “Freeze!”. Three police officers demanded proof that I owned the shop. One of them patted me down to check that I was not armed. The others had drawn their guns, pointed straight at me. They demanded for my identity card. Apparently, a neighbour had called reporting that someone was “breaking into” the shop. The fact remains that I’m a black person, at my store minding my own business and someone called the cops on me. Is that being a neighbour or is that targeting me because of my ethnicity? These incidents keep recurring. No one should be made to feel afraid and no one should ever go through this abuse for no reason. *Black Lives Matter is a movement by the African-American community which fights against violence and racism towards black people. [Turn over

4 CHR 2019/ Combined Humanities (Social Studies) 2175/01, 2176/01/N Source D: An interview with Dr. Randall Kennedy, a professor of African-American Studies aired on CNN News, 2017. Are we more racially divided than before? If America seems more divided, it’s because we are more aware of our racial shortcomings. When it comes to race, America is in the best position than it’s ever been in history. The most obvious evidence is the fact of Obama’s election—and re-election—to the presidency. That a black man has been the master of the White House reflec ts a remarkable social transformation in the American society. We’ve made genuine gains, and our time is an incredible departure from the past when segregation and intolerant attitudes were widespread in American life. Source E: An excerpt of former American President Barack Obama’s speech, 2017. After my election, there was talk of an America where prejudice and discrimination no longer exists. Such a vision was never realistic. For race issues will remain a strong and divisive force in our society. But I have lived long enough to know that race relations are better than they were 10, or 20, or 30 years ago and you can see it not just in statistics, but in the attitudes of young Americans of all ethnicities across the political spectrum. Together we have upheld laws against discrimination – in hiring, in housing, in education and the criminal justice system – to make integration possible. Source F: Findings of a report titled ‘Race in America 2019’ conducted by Pew Research Center in America, 2019. [Turn over

5 CHR 2019/ Combined Humanities (Social Studies) 2175/01, 2176/01/N Section B (Structured-Response Question) Question 2 is compulsory for all candidates. 2 Exploring Citizenship and Governance Study the extracts carefully, and then answer the questions. Extract 1 Extract 2 In the United Kingdom (UK), the greatest contributors to British national identity are the nation’s history and natural landscape. Being British is more than a factual statement about place of birth. Being British is also an attitude and state of mind. Extract 3 Any citizen can participate in Singapore’s public affairs and 6-year-old Bowen Beckham does it every Tuesday starting at 5am. Going door -to-door, he collects recycled items from residents in his building and puts them into the main recycling bin at the lobby. It is his way of saving Singapore’s environment. [Turn over “The kampong spirit is gone,” said 60-year-old Ms Nekmah in an interview. The ‘kampung spirit’ refers to a sense of community, togetherness and understanding among neighbours. In the interview, Ms Nekmah shared that when she lived in the kampong, neighbours knew each other and helped one another whenever in need. From borrowing ingredients to taking care of each other’s kids, the ‘kampung spirit’ stayed alive. Unfortunately, this is disappearing from many estates in Singapore.

6 CHR 2019/ Combined Humanities (Social Studies)