ASRJC 2023 J1 MYE Ans Key

ASRJC 2023 JC1 H2 GEOGRAPHY MYCT ANSWER GUIDE 1 Cluster 1: Development, Economy and Environment 1 Mangroves are a group of trees and shrubs that live in the coastal intertidal zone and have been acknowledged to help countries progress towards sustainable development. Resource 1 depicts the 17 Sustaina ble Development Goals (SDGs). Resource 2 shows the global distribution of mangroves in 2000. Resource 3 shows tree cover loss in mangroves from 2000 – 2012 across various regions. Resource 4 is an article explaining the benefits of mangroves and the challenges of mangrove restoration in Indonesia. (a) Using R esource 1, explain how the Sustainable Deve lopment Goals (SDGs) help countries to progress towards sustainable development. [5] Answer Guide: • Definition of sustainable development: o Sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. • Brief explanation of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): o Main objective: He lp coun tries to progress towards sustainable development in 17 different interlinked areas o What the goals are about: Economic g rowth and providing social needs while tackling environmental protection and climate change • Explain link between SDGs and SD: o Interdependence of the 3 dimensions of sustainable development: ▪ Sustainable development can only be achieved through interdependence in meeting goals in three dimensions – economic, social, and environmental dime nsions. Meanwhile, t he 17 SDGs are crafted such tha t the goals tog ether will help countries pursue goals across all 3 interdependent dimensions of sus tainable development. o Intergenerational aspect: ▪ By achieving outcomes in all 17 SDGs, this would ensure that there are sufficient resources on Earth t o mai ntain life for both the present and the future, which is the purp ose behind the concept of sustainable development. o How it helps countries progress towards sustainable development: ▪ Provides quantitative targets and indicators for each go al that countries should work towards • Use of examples: o Any appropriate use of examples from Resource 1 with explanation will be credited (b) With reference to Resource 2, describe the global distribution of mangroves in 2000. [4] Answer Guide: • Mangroves can be found in the co astal areas of most cont inents, with the exception of Antarctica. • Mangroves can be found mostly within the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn. o Also, most mangroves are located closer to the Equator rather than Tropics of Cancer/ Capricorn. • Mangroves are most concentrated in Southeast Asia. • Mangroves are least concentrated in the Middle East , Africa, and the western coast of South America. o In fact, no mangroves can be found along the western coasts of South

ASRJC 2023 JC1 H2 GEOGRAPHY MYCT ANSWER GUIDE 2 America and Australi