CJC 2023 J1 Promos QP

GEOGRAPHY 9173/1 & 2 Paper 1 and 2 Question Paper 28 September 2023 3 hours Additional Materials: Insert READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Write your class and name on all the work you hand in. Write in dark blue or black pen on both sides of the paper. You may use an HB pencil for any diagrams, or graphs. Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue, or correction fluid. Answer Question 1 in Section A. Answer Question 2 in Section B. Answer one question in Section C. At the end of the examination, submit each question separately. The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question. This document consists of 5 printed pages and 1 blank page. [Turn over] Instruction Catholic Junior College JC1 Promotional Examinations Higher 2

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3 Answer Questions 1 and 2 and EITHER Question 3 OR Question 4 Section A Cluster 4 Fieldwork 1 A group of four Geography students from Singapore conducted fieldwork to investigate the extent to which residents of Treelodge@Punggol practi se eco- friendly habits. Treelodge@Punggol is an eco-estate in Singapore designed to encourage eco-friendly practices among their residents. They developed the following hypothesis: “Majority of the residents in Treelodge@Punggol adopt eco-friendly practices.” They visited Treelodge@Punggol on a Friday afternoon during their June Holidays, from 12noon-2pm. As this was their first time there, they spent the first 15 minutes conducting a site reconnaissance in the estate to take photographs and recording aspects o f Treelodge@Punggol that encouraged eco -friendly living. As Treelodge@Punggol provides free planter boxes for residents to grow herbs and plants in their balconies, they stood at the ground floor to count the number of balconies used by residents to grow plants. To do so, they spread themselves across 4 blocks t o count. However, there were some uncertainties about how many potted plants counted as greenery. Next, the students split up and conducted surveys alone to find out if residents adopted eco-friendly practices. The students used convenience sampling and surveyed 12 residents in total. However, during the survey, there were language barriers when some elderly could only converse in dialect. Resource 1 shows the photographs taken by students showing eco -friendly features and messages in Treelodge@Punggol. Resource 2 shows the data collected by students on the balconies with and without greenery. Resource 3 shows their data recording sheet for the surveys. Resource 4 shows the survey findings. (a) Explain one strength and one weakness in the students’ hypothesis. [4] (b) Explain how the students could minimise potential risks during data collection. [4]

4 (c) Explain how the students could minimise the potential impact of their investigation. [5] (d) With reference to Resource 1, explain the benefits of conducting a site reconnaissance at the start of their investigation. [4] (e) Explain the strengths and limitations of the data representation shown in Resource 2. [4] (f) With reference to Resource 3, explain how the design of the data recording sheet for the survey could be improved. [5] (g) Compare the survey findings for Question 1 and Question 2 as shown in Resource 4. [4] (h) The students concluded that Treelodge@Punggol is effective in encouraging a majority of residents to adopt eco-friendly practices. Evaluate the validity of their conclusion. [10]

5 Section B Cluster 1: Development, Economy and Environment 2. Resource 5 shows the distribution of international agreements over international (i.e. transboundary) river basins worldwide. Resource 6 shows a map of the Brahmaputra River Basin, and the development of dams over it by China and India. Resource 7 shows how much different countries in the Brahmaputra basin depend upon other upstream countries for access to freshwater sources. Resource 8 shows a graph depicting changes to China’s energy mix over time. (a) Describe the distribution of agreements across International River Basins as seen in Resource 5. [3] (b) With reference to Resource 5, suggest possible reasons for the distribution of agreements across International River Basins. [5] (c) Explain the reasons for transboundary water conflicts. [6] (d) Referring to Resources 6 and 7, suggest the possible challenges facing transboundary water management. [5] (e) Referring to Resource 8, describe the changes in China’s consumption of solar, hydropower, and fossil fuels between 1965 and 2022. [5] (f) Explain how the environment can support various ecosystem services. [6]

6 Section C Answer EITHER question 3 OR question 4. 3 “Women’s equal ‘right to the city’ is still far from being realised, especially among lower-income women.” Evaluate this statement. [20] 4 ‘Response to contemporary climate change is mostly complicated by international relations.’ Evaluate this statement. [20] ****End of Paper****