2024 SAJC 8838_01 H1 History Prelims

STANDREW’SJUNIORCOLLEGEPreliminaryExaminationGeneral Certificateof EducationAdvancedLevelHigher 1 HISTORYPaper1:TheColdWarandtheModernWorld(1945–1991) 8838/0128Aug20243hours NoAdditional Materialsarerequired. READTHESEINSTRUCTIONSFIRST An answer booklet will be provided with this question paper. You should follow theinstructionsonthefront of thecover oftheanswerbooklet.Ifyouneedadditional paper,asktheinvigilatorforacontinuationbooklet. SectionAAnswer Question1. SectionBAnswer twoquestions. Thenumberofmarksisgiveninbrackets[]attheendofeachquestionorpartquestion. Thisdocumentconsistsof 5printedpagesand1blankpage. [TurnOver

SectionA YoumustanswerQuestion1. CUBANMISSILECRISIS 1 Readthesourcesandanswerthequestionswhichfollow. SourceA The Soviet Government deems it necessary to drawthe attention of all governments andworld opinion to the provocations the US Government is nowstaging, provocations whichmight plungetheworldintothedisasterofauniversal thermonuclearworldwar.Thehawkishfactions in the US government have long been conducting an unchecked propagandacampaignagainsttheCubanRepublicintheUSCongressandpress,callingforanattackonCuba and an attack on Soviet ships carrying the necessary commodities and food to theCuban people; in short, calling for war. Soviet ships bring Cubathegoodssheneedsandbuy the goods she has in abundance, which UnitedStateshasrefusedtobuy. TheSovietGovernment is also shipping some armamentstoCubaat therequest of itsgovernment inconnectionwiththethreatsbyaggressiveimperialistcircles.CubaalsorequestedthehelpofSoviet military technicians to train the Cubans in handling up-to-date weapons, becausetheseweaponscall for highskill andknowledge. ThereisalsononeedfortheSovietUniontoshift itsweaponsfor therepulsionof aggressiontoanycountry.Ournuclearweaponsareso powerful that thereisnoneedtosearchfor sitesfor thembeyondtheboundariesof theSovietUnion. Fromanofficial USSRstatement, 11September 1962. SourceB Thissecret, swift, andextraordinarybuildupof Communist missilesinanareawell knowntohaveaspecial andhistorical relationshiptotheUnitedStatesandthenationsoftheWesternHemisphere, inviolationof Sovietassurances,andindefianceofAmericanandhemisphericpolicy. Thissudden, secret decisiontostationstrategicweaponsfor thefirst timeoutsideofSoviet soil is a deliberately provocative and unjustified change in the status quo whichcannot be accepted by this country, if our courage and our commitments are ever to betrusted again by either friend or foe. This latest Soviet threat must and will be met withdetermination. Any hostile move anywhere in the world against the safety and freedomofpeoples will be met by whatever action is needed. To the captive people of Cuba, yourleadersarenolongerCubanleadersinspiredbyCubanideals.Theyarepuppetsandagentsof aninternational conspiracywhichhasturnedCubaagainst your friendsandneighborsinthe Americas and turned it into the first Latin American country to become a target fornuclear war, thefirst LatinAmericancountrytoh