ASRJC 2024 JC2 H1 Prelims Paper

ANDERSONSERANGOONJUNIORCOLLEGE JC2PRELIMINARYEXAMINATION2024Higher1 HISTORY 8838/01 Paper 1 TheColdWar andtheModernWorld(1945-1991) Friday, 23August 20243hoursNoAdditional Materialsarerequired. READTHESEINSTRUCTIONSFIRST An answer booklet will be provided with this question paper. You should followthe instructionsonthe front cover of the answer booklet. If you need additional answer paper ask theinvigilator for acontinuationbooklet. Write in dark blue or black pen on both sides of the paper. Write clearly the question numbers onthefirst pageof everyquestionattemptedandthecover page. Start eachanswer onafreshpageof theanswer booklet. SectionAAnswer Question1. SectionBAnswer twoquestions. Thenumber of marksisgiveninbrackets[ ] at theendof eachquestionor part question. Youareremindedof theneedfor goodEnglishandclear handwritinginyour answer. Thisdocument consistsof 5printedpagesand3blankpages. ©AndersonSerangoonJunior College2024 [Turnover

2 SectionA Youmust answer Question1. Theendof armsrace 1 Readthesourcesandanswer thequestionswhichfollow. SourceA I knowthat all of you want peace, andsodoI. I knowtoothat manyof youseriouslybelievethat anuclear freeze would further the cause of peace. But a freeze nowwouldmakeusless, not more,secure and would raise, not reduce, theriskof war. WiththeSoviets’ present marginof superiority,whyshouldtheyagreetoarmsreductionsknowingthat wewereprohibitedfromcatchingup? We need to negotiate froma position of strength that can be ensured only by modernising ourstrategicforces. Toensurethat our securitydidn’t relyonthreat of USretaliationagainst aSovietattack, but on the ability to intercept and destroy ballistic missilesbeforetheyreachedusor ourallies. Tonight, I amdirectingacomprehensiveandintensiveeffort todefinealong-termresearchand development program that could pave the way for arms control measures to eliminate theweapons themselves. We seek neither military superiority nor political advantage. Our onlypurposeistosearchforwaystoreducethedangerofnuclearwar. President Reagan’saddresstothenationondefenceandnational security, 23March1983. SourceB You said in your address that it was your dream to free mankind from the threat of nucleardestruction. Why take this extremely dangerous path of space weapons, which does not promisedisarmament? Instead of spending the next 10-15yearsdevelopingnewsophisticatedweaponsinspace, which are allegedly intended to make nuclear weapons “obsolete” and“impotent”, wouldn’tit bebetter toeliminatethoseweapons? We propose thisplantoreducenuclear weapons–duringthenext 5-8years, theSoviet UnionandUSwould reduce by half their nuclear weapons, on the basis of the mutual renunciation of spaceweapons. We have repeatedly warned that the development of space weapons will destroy thehopes for reductions of nuclear weapons on Earth. We are in favour of eliminating Soviet andUSmediumrangemissilestofreeEuropefromnuclear weapons. Bytheendof 1999, theliquidationofall remaining nuclear weapons will be com