2023 NYJC J1 Promos Insert

NANYANG JUNIOR COLLEGE Year 1 End-of-Year Examination H2 GEOGRAPHY 9173/02 25 Sept 2023 INSERT 3 hours READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST This Insert contains all the Resources referred to in the questions. This document consists of 8 printed pages. [Turn over

2 Higher 2 Geography / 9173 Resource 1 for Question 1 Infographic of the homeless in Singapore

3 Higher 2 Geography / 9173 Resource 2A for Question 1 Questionnaire survey (English version) used by the students in their investigation Age: ___________________ Gender: ________________ Approximate Income level: ____________ Strongly Agree Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly Disagree 1) I stay out here because I have no choice 2) I prefer to stay out here than stay with someone I don’t know 3) I think the government has provided enough housing for Singaporeans 4) I do not have a steady income to pay for monthly rental [Turn over

4 Higher 2 Geography / 9173 Resource 2B for Question 1 Results of the questionnaire survey done on 24 elderly persons Age: - 49 and below: 2 - 50-60: 12 - 60 and above: 6 - No data: 4 Gender: - Male: 20 - Female: 4 Approximate Income level: - Below $800 a month: 7 - $800-1200 a month: 3 - No data: 14 Strongly Agree Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly Disagree No data 1) I stay out here because I have no choice 6 14 0 1 0 3 2) I prefer to stay out here than stay with someone I don’t know 2 10 1 6 2 3 3) I think the government has provided enough housing for Singaporeans 0 2 2 12 0 8 4) I do not have a steady income to pay for monthly rental 6 15 1 1 0 1

5 Higher 2 Geography / 9173 Resource 3 for Question 1 How the Singapore government is helping the elderly population in terms of housing [Turn over

6 Higher 2 Geography / 9173 Resource 4 for Question 2 Major dams along the Mekong River Xayaburi

7 Higher 2 Geography / 9173 Resource 5 for Question 2 Impact of the Nuozhadu Dam on the Mekong River [Turn over River Height Amount of water above expected Amount of water below expected

8 Higher 2 Geography / 9173 Resource 6 for Question 2 Disasters along the Mekong River as reported by IRIN News Dams, Drought and Disaster Along the Mekong River | IRIN News CHONG PRA LAY/CAMBODIA, 10 May 2016 Cambodia and its neighbours have been hit hard by record temperatures and a long period of extremely dry weather. “The combined effects of drought, climate change and dam building are pushing the resources of the Mekong Basin to the brink of disaster,” said Maureen Harris, Southeast Asia programme director of the river protection organisation, International Rivers. In Cambodia, water shortages are reported in 18 of 25 provinces and more than 93,500 poor, rural households are affected by the drought, including residents of “floating villages” on the Tonlé Sap Lake, which is fed by tributaries of the Mekong. “This year is terrible. We cannot find any fish. No one is helping us, and we are almost starving,” said Kreun Phear, a fisherman who lives in Chong Pra Lay, a village built on the edge of the lake. The lake and surrounding rivers provide his community and many lik e it with everything: food, water, and their livelihoods. According to the government's Fisheries Action Coalition Team, the lake is currently just 50 centimetres deep, compared to its usual depth of between 1.2 and 1.5 metres at the same time in previous years. In Thailand, farmers are struggling with drought and 21 people have died during a heat wave, while about two million people are short of drinking water in Vietnam. The low level of the river has also allowed saltwater to penetrate further upstream in Vietnam’s Mekong Delta region than normal, and 10 percent of the country’s rice paddies have been destroyed, according to the UN. The UN says the Mekong is at its lowest level since records began nearly 100 years ago. The waters are almost half as hig h as the average level for this time of year. That’s bad news for about 60 million people living in the Lower Mekong Basin region, of whom 80 percent depend on the river for food and livelihoods, according to International Rivers. Perhaps stung by the accusation that its dam building is to blame for worsening the drought, China established a partnership in March between the six Mekong countries. Called the Lancang-Mekong Cooperation , it aims to focus on development and encourage “good neighbourliness,” ac cording to a statement after a heads of state meeting. China’s also released water from its Jinghong hydropower station in southwestern Yunnan Province to help the drought-stricken Lower Mekong Basin region. However, some said the move showed China’s gro wing control over the region’s water resources. They feel that they cannot ignore the negative impacts China’s dams has on communities living along the Mekong and China’s role in contributing to the effects of the drought. Source (adapted from): https://archive.internationalrivers.org/resources/dams-drought-and-disaster-along-the-mekong- river-irin-news-11469 End of Paper