2023 TMJC J1 Promos Ans Key

CANDIDATE NAME CIVICS GROUP _________________________________________________________________________________ H2 GEOGRAPHY 9173/01 Paper 1 05 October 2023 3 hours Additional Materials: Writing Paper 1 Insert ____________________________________________________________________________ READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Write your name and Civics Group clearly on all the work you hand in. Write in dark blue or black pen on both sides of the paper. You may use an HB pencil for any diagrams or graphs. Do not use staplers, paper clips, glue or correction fluid. Answer all questions. The Insert contains all the Resources referred to in the questions. You should make a reference to appropriate examples studied in the field or the classroom, even where the examples are not specifically requested by the question. Diagrams and sketch maps should be drawn wherever they serve to illustrate an answer. You are reminded of the need for good English and cle ar presentation in your answers. Start each question on a fresh sheet of paper. At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely for submission. The number of marks is given in the brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question. ____________________________________________________________________________ This document consists of 4 printed pages. TAMPINES MERIDIAN JUNIOR COLLEGE JC1 YEAR-END EXAMINATION For Examiners’ Use Total

2 Tampines Meridian Junior College 2023 JC1 Year-End Exam H2 Geography Cluster 1: Development, Economy and Environment 1 Resource 1 shows the network connections and profits earned by countries in producing manufactured goods between 2000 and 2011. Resource 2 shows the distribution of Zara’s suppliers by Region from 2007 to 2012. Resource 3 shows Zara’s Global Production Network (GPN). Resource 4a and 4b are news articles showing labour issues arising from Zara’s GPN (a) Describe the changes in the pattern of network connections from 2000 to 2011 shown in Resource 1 [3] • Intensity of network connections increased for all countries • Most interconnected country from Asia-Pacific changed from United States in 2000 to United States in 2011 • Most interconnected country from Europe remained as Germany from 2000 to 2011 (b) Using Resource 1, describe the change in China’s profits in manufactured goods between 2000 and 2011 and suggest reasons for this change. [6] • China profits in manufactured goods increased by over 10 times • Signing of free trade agreements with other countries/ joining of WTO • Creation of Special Economic Zones to attract TNCs • Keep currency from appreciating • Comparative advantage in low labour cost and state effort to attract TNCs (c) Using Resource 2, describe the change in distribution of Zara’s suppliers from 2007 to 2012. [4] • More than half of Zara’s suppliers were European in 2007 though this saw a decline by 22 percentage points through the years. • Asian suppliers saw a reverse d trend, with from 2007 to 2012 , a rise of 18.3 percentage points. • Although Europe dominated Zara’s supplier distribution since 2007, there was a shift to Asia by 2011. • Africa (6.9% in 2007 and 8.7% in 2012) and the Americas (2.7% in 2007 and 4.6% in 2012) remained small players i n Zara’s supplier distribution, though both experienced an increase in their shares from 2007 to 2012. (d) With reference to Resource 3, explain how information and communication (ICT) and transport technologies aid in facilitating Zara’s global operations. [6] • Frequency of flights to and from Spain will support a more global mode of production, to allow Zara to enjoy lower cost production in Asia. Among the European suppliers,

3 Tampines Meridian Junior College 2023 JC1 Year-End Exam H2 Geography [efficiencies in air and overland transport] also support Zara’s need to be close to its suppliers. • Frequent, small batch distribution is possible due transport and ICT technologies. Efficient modes of transport would have allowed for distribution of products to be frequent, and without/ with little delay. Technologies could also mean there is less need for bulk transportation of products and related economies of scale- hence small batch distribution is possible. • Effective modes of communication such as 3omputerized inventory controls accessible company wide etc, will make tracking sales, fulfilling shipments and delivering new orders more quickly. • ICT technologies could allow consumers to give real time feedback, or post sales feedback. Channels such as social media will also allow Zara to keep up on trends and on consumer preferences etc. Communication between store and the design team can be instantaneous thanks to ICT. (e) Using Resource 3, explain the role of intra and inter-firm networks in supporting Zara growth as a TNC. [6] • Suppliers help to provide raw materials for Zara • Subcontractors produce Zara’s apparel since Zara does not manufacture any of its products on its own – lower cost of labour – lower production cost → maximise profit • Logistics firms are important in facilitating the movement of Zara’s finished goods from production bases to Spain, Zara’s home country • Logistics firms are also important in facilitating the movement of finished goods from the warehouse in Spain to the markets in small batches in a timely manner that helps Zara to adjust quickly to changes in consumers’ demands and preferences • Local retailers can help Zara to sell its products to consumers in markets where there are barriers to entry for foreign-owned businesses. • Design team (Intra-firm) help Zara design new clothes that fit consumer taste and preference of the time/current trend (f) Using Resource 4a and 4b, explain the impacts of labour unions on TNCs like Zara. [5] • Positive socio-economic impact → pay raise • Negative social impact → arrested and loss of jobs

4 Tampines Meridian Junior College 2023 JC1 Year-End Exam H2 Geography Cluster 2: Tropical Environments 2 Resource 5 shows the climographs of Station X and Station Y in Australia. Resource 6 shows some climatic processes happening in Australia. Resource 7 shows the Sea Surface Temperature (SST) anomalies in August 2023 (a) Using Resources 5 and 6, explain the difference in rainfall characteristics in Station X and Y. [6] • Station X have seasonal rainfall pattern and high rainfall of 1536mm [1] • Seasonal rainfall pattern as it is Am with higher rainfall from Nov to March when ITCZ shift south Dec/Jan it is a low pressure area [1] draw in monsoon rain /moisture laden winds as air move from high to low pressure. When ITCZ shift north – Aust in the southern hemisphere experience dry season [1] • Station Y have much lower rainfall/dry all year round and low rainfall of 163mm [1] • Station Y located at higher latitude around 24oS – under the influence of the sub tropical high pressure belt [1] – sinking air is stable, suppresses cloud formation [1] leading to low rainfall (b) Using Resources 5 and 6, explain the differences in temperature characteristics in Station X and Y. [6] • Station X – high temperature all year round & small annual temperature range [1] • Station Y – Higher temperature near start/end of year, lower temperature June/July • Explain ATR via difference in latitude [1] and tilt of the earth [1] • Explain AAT temperature differences through maritime and continental effect [2] (c) Using Resource 6, compare the path of Cyclone George and Cyclone Yasi [3] • Both moved in a westward direction • Cyclone George moved a longer distance than Cyclone Yasi • Cyclone George moved further inland and into a higher latitude (d) Explain the conditions that