History Sec2notes

History CHAPTER1Whatisit? History is the study of the past. When we study history, we want to find out what, how&why an event happened in the past How do historians construct knowledge about the past In 4 steps… -Ask qns abt the past(5W1H) -Gather sources(Pri&Secondary sources) -Examine the source to extract info (Consistency,corroboration&credibility) -Arrive at a logical conclusion about the past Sources Divided into 4 groups 1. Written evidence-news, ocial records etc… 2. Pictorial evidence-paintings, posters, maps etc… 3. Oral evidence-interviews spoken by witnesses 4. Artefacts-items used by the people in the pastWhystudyit● Understand change and how society has come to be● Learn from past successes and failures● Understand and respect each other● Develop critical thinking skillsHowconnectedwasSingaporetotheregion&theworld● Its location was very strategic● Located between South of china & East of India (where most trades take place)● Very attractive due to the location & proximity of these places● Chinese goods like silk & ceramic & Indian goods like spices & wood were in high demand & being traded a lot The silk route(It was called the silk route as the amount of silk trading that took place was huge) In its early days, trade was only done by land, it was a historic trade route that dated to the 2nd century BC stretched through China India Arabia Persia Greece & Italy traders then turned to maritime route as it became unsafe due to dangers & travel dicultiesMaritimeTradeRoute Due to dangers in the silk route, traders used Maritime trade routes around 100BC People built better, faster & stronger ships thus it was faster&safer to travel by sea than by land Most traders were from the Middle East, China, India & Southeast Asia This led to the demand for ports in Asia where ships could rest & repair their ships & get replenishmentGrowthofports Ports were strategically located alongChina, India maritime trade routes During early days, tech wasn't developed & a ship couldn’t sail over long distances without stopping at ports These stopover points were called ports of call as they serve convenient stopovers for ships to be resupplied with food, water repairs These ports then became collection centres for goods & a place to rest Overtime these ports evolved into major trading hubsMonsoonwinds

In the early days, ships had to rely on the winds for their travel Ships had to travel with the flow of the wind to reach their destination Thus the winds that blow towards &away from Singapore was useful for travelling to&from SingaporeHowdidearlySingaporebecomeanimportanttradingcenterHowdidearlySGbecomeanimportanttradingempire Srivijaya was a mighty empire & had control of the main trade routes in the sea around Bur the empire collapsed in the 13th century due to war & was taken over by another kingdom This then led to the major decline of Srivijaya as a major trading port Traders then shifted to the straits of Melaka and moved to SG as it was closerWhatdoearl