Sec 3 Elect Hist- Nazi Germany Notes by by RemoteSupport7960

NAZI GERMANY NOTES BACKSTORY RISE TO POWER 1914 – Austrian Archduke assassinated by Bosnian nationalists - ‘the spark” - Germany gives blank cheque to support Austria-Hungary- escalate → WW1 Start 1919 – Paris Peace Conference to end WW1. TOV punishes GER to end WW1 (e.g. War Guilt Clause- TL blame for war, War reparations: £6.6 billion, Only 100k in army) → Loss of national pride, humiliation, unfair (GER no say) “Stab in back theory”- betrayed by communists and jews (used by Hitler) 1918–19 – Weimar Republic starts. 1923: Hyperinflation (eg. kept print money) Golden age: 1924-1929 (economy good) Too much democracy→ Govt can’t make fast decisions → Ineffective in handling crisis 1929 – Great Depression begins → Worldwide economic collapse. WR: Ineffective (Relied US loans) → Growing discontent, unemployment, social instability → Public likely to support extremist parties (Communist, Nazi) that promise fix things - Beer Hall Putsch – FAILED coup by Nazis and Hitler in 1923 → Hitler arrested and released in 1924 - Hitler’s appeal – Charisma: Good speaker. Make use of fear: promises to make Germany great, Jews and communism as scapegoat- “Jewish Bolshevism” - Support with SA (formed 1921) and SS (formed 1925) + loyal figures who believed in Nazi ideology 1933 – Hitler appointed Chancellor of Germany → Reichstag Fire- Enabling Act to take TL control → Start Nazi regime→ban opposition and take control. 1934 – Night of the Long Knives: Hitler murders rivals (e.g. Ernst Röhm) to consolidate power in the Nazi Party - Afraid of SA too powerful - Hitler tolerated people if they were useful – e.g. Rohm’s homosexuality (but was not above making use of it to prosecute him), “Honorary Aryans”, some of which were Jewish. ASPECTS OF DICTATORSHIP Control of media – Goebbels made propaganda minister in 1933- in charge of controlling films and media + speeches to uphold public morale during war War economy – NOT SUSTAINABLE. 4 year plans (1936). Secret rearmament: paid by fake company through “MEFO bills’ - bank loan money at insane rate. Need to start war if not economic collapse- invade other countries- gain wealth to continuously fund the war. Autarky- economic self-reliance “Fixed” Employment – Conscription, women and Jews not counted, public work schemes → manipulate labour stats Indoctrination of youths – Hitler youth + BDM: teach youths Nazi Ideology and role to support the reich Role of women – Children, Kitchen, Church - be housewives and bear racially pure children. **Although were encouraged