YIJC [H2] CI2.3_Cell Division and the Cell Cycle (N)(Tr)

2023 JC1 BIOLOGY LECTURE NOTES CORE IDEA 2: GENETICS AND INHERITANCE TOPIC 2.1: Cell Division and the Cell Cycle Learning Outcomes: You should be able to: (n) describe the events that occur during the mitotic cell cycle and the main stages of mitosis (including the behaviour of chromosomes, nuclear envelope, cell surface membrane and centrioles) (o) (modified) explain the significance of the mitotic cell cycle (including growth, repair and asexual reproduction) (s) describe the events that occur during the meiotic cell cycle and the main stages of meiosis (including the behaviour of chromosomes, nuclear envelope, cell surface membrane and centrioles) (names of the main stages are expected, but not the sub-divisions of prophase) (t) explain the significance of the meiotic cell cycle (including how meiosis and random fertilisation can lead to variation) References: Campbell, N. A., Reece, J. B., et al. (2018). Biology A Global Approach (Eleventh Edition) • Chapter 12 Mitosis, p284 – 299 • Chapter 13 Sexual Life Cycles and Meiosis, p304 - 317 Note: Some of these references (including previous editions) are available in our library. You may wish to borrow them or visit the links to supplement your reading when necessary. Contents 1 INTRODUCTION ................................ ................................ ................................ ..................... 2 2 CHROMOSOMES IN A CELL ................................ ................................ ................................ . 3 3 PHASES OF THE MITOTIC CELL CYCLE ................................ ................................ ............. 4 3.1 INTERPHASE ................................ ................................ ................................ ............... 5 3.2 MITOSIS ................................ ................................ ................................ ........................ 6 3.3 Cytokinesis ................................ ................................ ................................ .................. 9 4 SIGNIFICANCE OF MITOSIS ................................ ................................ ................................ 12 5 PHASES OF THE MEIOTIC CELL CYCLE ................................ ................................ ........... 14 5.1 MEIOSIS ................................ ................................ ................................ ....................... 14 5.1.2 MEIOSIS I ................................ ................................ ................................ ............. 16 5.1.3 MEIOSIS II ................................ ................................ ................................ ............ 21 5.2 SIGNIFICANCE OF MEIOSIS ................................ ................................ ..................... 25 H2

2 A Bridge to O Level Biology (6093 syllabus), You should be able to: (a