2025 NYJC Prelim P1

NANYANG JUNIOR COLLEGE Year 2 Preliminary Examination H2 GEOGRAPHY 9173/01 Paper 1 17 Sept 2025 3 hours Additional Materials: Insert READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST If you have been given an Answer Booklet, follow the instructions on the front cover of the Booklet. Write your Centre number, index number and name on the work you hand in. Write in dark blue or black pen on both sides of the paper. You may use an HB pencil for any diagrams or graphs. Do not use staples, paper clips, glue or correction fluid. DO NOT WRITE ON ANY BARCODES. Answer both questions in Section A. Answer two questions in Section B, one from each cluster. At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together. The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question. This document consists of 4 printed pages.

2 Higher 2 Geography / 9173 Section A Answer both questions. Cluster 1: Development, Economy and Environment 1 Resource 1 shows a map of the cobalt supply chains. Resource 2 shows the distribution of mineral deposits in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), Africa. Resource 3 shows the area of land cover classes of interest (km2) and global price of cobalt (USD/T) from 2009 to 2021 in DRC. Resource 4 shows a photograph of a cobalt artisanal small- scale mining (ASM) site in DRC. (a) With reference to Resource 1, describe the main global flows in the cobalt supply chain. [4] (b) With reference to Resource 1, explain how the cobalt supply chain demonstrates interdependence between countries and regions through trade flows. [6] (c) Describe the distribution of mineral deposits in the Democratic Republic of Congo as shown in Resource 2. [4] (d) Cite data from Resource 3 to describe the trend in the global price of cobalt (USD/T) between 2009 and 2021 in the Democratic Republic of Congo. [4] (e) With reference to Resources 3 and 4, explain the challenges that extractive industries pose to the sustainable development of the Democratic Republic of Congo. [6] (f) Suggest three ways in which the Democratic Republic of Congo could promote economic diversification to reduce dependence on extractive industries. [6]

3 Higher 2 Geography / 9173 Cluster 2: Tropical Environments 2 Resource 5 shows a type of mass movement in the humid tropics. Resource 6 shows a type of mass movement in the arid tropics. Resource 7 shows a system of slope processes. Resource 8 shows a satellite image of a fluvial landform in the Amazon, Brazil. (a) With reference to Resources 5 and 6, compare the characteristics of the two types of mass movements shown. [4] (b) Using Resource 7, explain the role of climate in contributing to the occurrence of the mass movement shown in Resource 5. [6] (c) Suggest one physical factor and one human factor that may have contributed to the occurrence of the mass movement shown in Resource 5. [4] (d) Describe the main characteristics of the fluvial landform as shown in Resource 8. [4] (e) Using Resource 8 explain how the channel may change over time at sections ( X) and (Y). [6] (f) With reference to Resource 8, explain how human activities may modify the landform. [6]

4 Higher 2 Geography / 9173 Section B Answer either question 3 or question 4 and answer either question 5 or question 6. Cluster 1 Development, Economy and Environment 3 ‘Human activities have reduced the environment’s ability to provide ecosystem services.’ Evaluate this statement. [20] 4 Evaluate the view that the impacts of TNCs vary spatially. [20] Cluster 2 Tropical Environments 5 ‘Floods in the tropics can be effectively managed.’ Evaluate this statement. [20] 6 ‘Weathering is the most dominant process in the tropics.’ Evaluate this statement. [20] End of Paper