DHS H2 Y6 Prelim 2025 P1 QP

Name: Centre Number/Index Number: Class: DUNMAN HIGH SCHOOL Preliminary Examinations Year 6 H2 HISTORY 9174 / 01 Paper 1 The Changing International Order (1945 – 2000) 17 September 2025 3 hours Additional Materials: Answer Booklet READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Write your Centre number, index number and name on all the work you hand in. Write in dark blue or black pen on both sides of the paper. Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid. Section A Answer Question 1. Section B Answer two questions. At the end of the examination, fasten your work securely together. The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question. This document consists of 6 printed pages. [Turn over]

2 ©DHS 2025 Section A You must answer all questions from this section. DISSOLUTION OF THE SOVIET UNION 1. Read the sources and then answer the question which follows. Source A Reagan's determination to ruin the Soviet economy and destroy communism and the Soviet Union was a hallmark of his eight -year presidency, carried out through a harsh nuclear policy toward Moscow that softened only slightly when Gorbachev came to office. Reagan's agenda toward Moscow started shortly after his first term and marked a major departure from the mild détente of the Carter period. In 1981, Reagan backed his rhetoric with a trillion -dollar defense buildup. Even though his Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI) never led to deployment of an actual missile shield, it drew the Soviets into a costly effort to mount a response. Reagan's 'Star Wars' was very successful blackmail. The Soviet Union tried to keep pace with the US military buildup, but their economy couldn't endure such competition. The deployment of more advanced US missiles in Europe rattled the Kremlin's nerves because of the shorter time they needed to reach Soviet targets compared with intercontinental missiles. The arms race drained Soviet coffers and created unsustainable economic pressure that triggered the economic difficulties speeding up the Soviet collapse in 1991. From an interview by an American news network with Gennady Gerasimov, a former Soviet Foreign Ministry spokesman (1980s), June 2004. Source B In 1981, President Reagan was determined to reverse the trend of American and western weakness that had developed in the late 1970s. For the decade of the 1970s, the Soviets invested about 50% more in their forces than we did. When Reagan took office, the US was investing only 65 cents for every dollar's worth of Soviet military investment. Our urgent need was to regain sufficient military strength to persuade the Soviets that we would allow them no significant exploitable military advantage again