NHHS 2025 HIST PRELIM P1 MS

Page 1 of 15 PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION 2025 Subject : History Paper : 2174/01 Level : Secondary Four Express Date : 29 August 2025 Duration : 1 hour 50 minutes MARK SCHEME NAN HUA HIGH SCHOOL

Nan Hua High School Preliminary Examination 2025 History 2174/01 Page 2 of 15 Section A: Source-Based Case Study 1 (a) Study Source A. What is the cartoonist’s attitude towards the British? Using details from the source and your own knowledge, explain your answer. [5] Level Descriptor Marks L1 Misinterpretation / Description of the source Award 1m for misinterpretation E.g. The cartoon shows that the British used cannons and guns at the signing of the Pangkor Treaty. 1 L2 Message(s) Award higher mark for more developed answers E.g. The message of the cartoon is that the Malay chiefs were threatened into signing the Pangkor Treaty. This can be seen where the cannon is pointing at the Malay chief and the source states that “with some sabre-rattling and gun-boat diplomacy, the Pangkor Treat y was signed”. This shows that the British displayed their military might as a way to force the Malay chiefs into submission and into signing the Treaty. Alternative acceptable L2 responses: - Author disagreed with how British treated the Malay chiefs - Author was criticising the British - Author was attacking the British *What the author is doing is not equivalent to what the attitude of the author 2-3 L3 Attitude Award the higher mark for answers with contextual knowledge. E.g. The cartoonist had an attitude of disapproval/critical attitude** towards the British and their methods. This can be seen where the cannon is pointing at the Malay chief and the source states that “with some sabre-rattling and gun-boat diplomacy, the Pangkor Treaty was signed”. This shows that the British displayed their military might as a way to force the M alay chiefs into submission and into signing the Treaty. This depiction of military might as well as the words used such as “sabre -rattling” and “Now sign here” implies that the cartoonist views the British tactics poorly that they had bullied the Malay chiefs into signing the Treaty. 4-5

Nan Hua High School Preliminary Examination 2025 History 2174/01 Page 3 of 15 **Critical attitude is a disposition. But being critical is an action. 1 (b) Study Source B. What is the message of this source? Explain your answer. [5] Level Descriptor Marks L1 Answers based on Provenance/Lifting E.g. The message of the source is that the Pangkor Treaty was not plain sailing. 1 L2 Answers based on sub-message Award 2 marks for sub-message Award 3 marks for sub-message, supported E.g. The message of the source is that the Pangkor Treaty created trouble for the British in Malaya. This can be seen where the source stated that “this new endeavour in 1874 was far from plain sailing” and that there was “loss of many valuable lives”. This means that the Pangkor Treaty created more problems for the British in Malaya. 2-3 L3 Answers based on main message Award 5 marks for better developed responses E.g. The message of the source is that while the Pangkor Treaty had created trouble for the British, it was ultimately the right move for the British and that Sir Clarke should be credited for its success. This can be seen where the source states that “success came only after the loss of many valuable lives and much persistence” and “permission was entrusted to the right man, and Sir Clarke straightaway put the key to the lock, opened the door, and left the rest to his able agents and successors to pave the way.” This shows that Clarke was the one who made it possible for British intervention in Malaya to take root, and subsequently enable Malaya to flourish. 4-5 1 (c) Study Sources C and D. In what ways are Sources C and D different? Explain your answer. [6]

Nan Hua High School Preliminary Examination 2025 History 2174/01 Page 4 of 15 Level Descriptor Marks L1 Comparison based on provenance / Invalid matching E.g. Sources C and D are different as one is written by Frank Swettenham, a British official, and the other is written by Sultan Abdullah himself. 1-2 L2 Difference in content Award the higher mark for better developed responses E.g. Sources C and D are different in showing how Sultan Abdullah utilised his newfound power after the signing of the Pangkor Treaty. Source C states that “ He now enjoyed the declared support of the British government ”, “and he proceeded to sell land for ready cash to fund his personal indulgences.” This shows that Sultan Abdullah abused his power for his own enjoyment. Whereas Source D states “ After signing the Treaty”, “I can certify that I did my utmost to have the Treaty signed by all those who had previously refused, and that in all my endeavours I have failed. ” This shows that Sultan Abdullah had used his power to try and convince others to support the British instead. 3-4 L3 Difference in portrayal of Sultan Abdullah Award the higher mark for more developed answers. E.g. Sources C and D are different in their portrayals of Sultan Abdullah’s character. Source C shows Sultan Abdullah to be of a poor character who indulges in vices where it states that “ he proceeded to sell land for ready cash to fund his personal indulgences - gambling, opium -smoking and cock -fighting”, showing that his priorities as a leader were misplaced, seeking to only benefit himself for his own enjoyment, painting him in a poor light. Source D however, shows that in spite of great political lash back, he still persevered in trying to win over the local leaders to aid the British. This can be seen where the source states “ a general ill-feeling and jealousy was awakened throughout all the chiefs, who did their best of overthrow me” and that “I can certify that I did my utmost to have the Treaty further endorsed by all those who had previously refused, and that in all my endeavours I have failed.” These being testament to his upstanding character and loyalty towards the British. *There are no comparisons for motive in this question as Source C does not have a clear motive to elaborate on 5-6

Nan Hua High School Preliminary Examination 2025 History 2174/01 Page 5 of 15 1 (d) Study Source E. How far does this source prove that British intervention was welcomed? Explain your answer. [6] Level Descriptor Marks L1 Answers based on undeveloped provenance E.g. The merchants wrote the letter and thus proves that they wanted British intervention. 1 L2 Prove based on source content Award 2 marks for message, unsupported. Award 3 marks for message, supported E.g. Source E proves that British intervention was welcomed as it highlights the instability in the state of Perak. This can be seen where the source states that there are “disturbances with authority” and that “if all these dissensions are brought to an end and set right, and the country is restored to peace, we and our great men desire to settle under the protection of the English flag”, thus showing that British intervention was not just welcomed, but necessary, desired and requested for because of the unrest in Perak. 2-3 L3 Prove based on cross reference to contextual knowledge Award 5m for more developed cross-referencing. E.g. L2 + Source E proves that British intervention was welcomed as it is supported by my contextual knowledge that Perak was in a state of upheaval due to the clash between the Ghee Hins and the Hai Sans as well as the succession disputes causing the economy of Malaya to come to a standstill. The merchants mining tin in the area wanted the British to intervene in orde