2025 EJC Prelim P2 SMG

EUNOIA JUNIOR COLLEGE JC2 Preliminary Examination 2025 General Certificate of Education Advanced Level Higher 2 H2 GEOGRAPHY Paper 2 Suggested Marking Guide 9173/02 17 September 2025 3 Hours READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Please note that this Suggested Marking Guide contains possible responses only and other responses could be considered as well. This version contains information about candidates’ performance and should NOT be circulated beyond Eunoia Junior College. This document consists of 11 pages.

2 Answer Questions 1 and 2 and EITHER Question 3 OR Question 4 Section A Cluster 4: Fieldwork 1 A group of four students from a Junior College embarked on an investigation to find out about flood mitigation strategies and public perception of flood risk along two rivers in Singapore – Punggol Waterway (Site A) and Kallang River (Site B). Their hypothesis is as follows: ‘The flood risk along Punggol Waterway is lower than the flood risk along Kallang River.’ They employed the following methods: • Flood risk perception survey • Bi-polar survey of the success of flood mitigation strategies at each site. The students conducted their investigation at Site A on 10 December (Tuesday) and Site B on 15 December (Sunday). They collected data in pairs and devised the following schedule to ensure that each pair had the chance to try out different methods: 10 December 15 December Flood perception survey Pair 1 Pair 2 Bi-polar survey Pair 2 Pair 1 On 10 December, the students conducted the flood risk perception survey with every tenth resident they met while walking around Site A from 9 -10am. They only managed to get 3 respondents. On 15 December, they modified the process by surveying every fifth resident instead of tenth, from 9am-12pm, at Site B. The pair conducting the bi-polar survey at Site B was done by 10am and returned to Site A to survey additional residents from 11am-12pm. Resources 1A and 1B show the photos taken at Sites A and B respectively. Resource 2 shows the demographics of the population who attempted the flood risk perception survey at each site. Resource 3 shows the tabulation of data for the flood risk perception survey. Resource 4 shows the bipolar survey used by the students. (a) Explain one strength and one weakness in the students’ hypothesis. [4] Award 1 mark for each explanation of a strength of weakness. Award a maximum of 1 additional mark for further development of each explanation. Award a maximum of 2 marks for explanation of either strength or weakness only. Possible responses include: • [Strength] It is clearly defined as “flood risk” is a concept that can be easily calculated by collecting data on the likelihood and severity of flooding. [1 mark] The likelihood of flooding can be measured by collecting data on channel characteristics such as river velocity and cross -sectional area of channel

whereas the severity of flooding can be measured by examining flood risk perceptions of park users. [1 additional mark] • [Weakness] The hypothesis is not of a suitable scale as the site for investigation is the entire Kallang River and Punggol Waterway. [1 mark] This is not researchable since both rivers span quite a huge distance especially the Kallang River, which stretches from Bishan -Ang Mo Kio Park to the Marina Reservoir. [1 additional mark] (b) Explain how the sampling of respondents for the flood risk perception surveys could be improved. [5] Award 1 mark for each explanation of how sampling could be improved, to a maximum of 5 marks. Award a maximum of 1 additional mark for further development of each explanation, where applicable. Possible responses include: • The biasness in their sampling could be reduced by stationing students at specific locations at each site to survey residents. [1 mark] This will reduce the biasness of their original sampling method of walking around at each site to survey residents. [1 additional mark] • The sampling of residents could also be more intentional so that a more representative sample of residents could be surveyed. [1 mark] This can be done by employing a stratified approach to sampling so that there are enough residents across various demogra phic characteristics such as age groups. [1 additional mark] • The sampling of residents at both sites could also be more consistent by ensuring that the students stick to the same sampling approach. [1 mark] They should continue to survey every tenth resident at Site B, instead of modifying the process to survey every fifth resident. [1 additional mark] (c) With reference to Resources 1A and 1B, suggest how the students could minimise potential risks during data collection. [6] Award 1 mark for each suggestion on how students could minimise potential risks during data collection, to a maximum of 6 marks. Award a maximum of 1 additional mark for further development of each suggestion, where applicable. Possible responses include: • Students could ensure that they are in cooling and comfortable attire during data collection, including the donning of caps / hats. [1 mark] This will reduce the chances of getting sun stroke due to prolonged exposure to the sun. [1 additional mark] • Students could apply sunblock when collecting data to prevent themselves from getting sunburnt. [1 mark] • Students should not bend over or use their devices when walking along the railings along the riverbanks in Site A, as seen in Resource 1A. [1 mark] This is to prevent instances of them dropping their devices or even falling into the river should they not be cautious. [1 additional mark] • Students should avoid walking along the riverbank slopes in Site B, as seen in Resource 1B. [1 mark] This is to prevent potential incidents of them slipping into the river should they not be cautious. [1 additional mark]

(d) Compare the characteristics of the respondents in Sites A and B as shown in Resource 2. [5] Award 1 mark for each comparison of the characteristics of respondents in Sites A and B, to a maximum of 5 marks. Award a maximum of 1 additional mark for further development of each comparison, where applicable. Possible responses include: • The majority of respondents in both Sites A and B were female. [1 mark] • However, the proportion of female respondents in Site A was overwhelming – the number of female respondents was almost 4 times the number of male respondents. [1 mark] In contrast, the proportion of female respondents in Site B was only sightly more than male respondents – less than 10%. [1 additional mark] • The majority of the respondents in Site A were also 65 years old and above, whereas the majority of the respondents in Site B were between the ages of 35 and 65 years old. [1 mark] However, the majority age group in Site A took up more than two thirds of t he respondents in Site A whereas the majority age group in Site B contributed to about one third of the respondents in Site B. [1 additional mark] • The respondents in Site B spanned across all the age groups whereas the respondents in Site A were only from 3 age groups. [1 mark] (e) Explain how the data in Resource 3 may be represented using a suitable graphical method. [5] Award 1 mark for each explanation of how data in Resource 3 may be represented using a suitable graphical method, to a maximum of 5 marks. Award a maximum of 1 additional mark for further development of each explanation, where applicable. Possible responses include: • The data in Resource 3 may be represented using compound bar graphs which are suitable for discrete data. [1 mark] Two compound bar graphs can be used for each question , with the data converted to percentages for ease of comparison. [1 additional mark] • For each compound bar graph, a title corresponding to the question should be prov