2025 HCI Prelims H1 Geog Paper 1 QP

HWA CHONG INSTITUTION JC2 Preliminary Examination Higher 1 CANDIDATE NAME CT GROUP CENTRE NUMBER INDEX NUMBER GEOGRAPHY Paper 1 Additional Materials: Insert 8834/01 17 September 2025 3 hours READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST An answer booklet will be provided with this question paper. You should follow the instructions on the front cover of the answer booklet. If you need additional answer paper ask the invigilator for a continuation booklet. Answer Question 1 in Section A . Answer both questions in Section B . Answer two questions in Section C . At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together. The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question. This document consists of 4 printed pages [Turn over

2 Hwa Chong Institution 8834 / 01 / C2 Prelims 2025 [Turn over Section A Cluster 2 Fieldwork 1 Four 17 -year old students undertook an investigation about the perception of the elderly population of the level of liveability in Toa Payoh town. They crafted the following hypothesis: ‘The elderly aged 65 years and above living in Toa Payoh experience a high level of liveability.’ The students conducted research on Age -Friendly Cities and decided to focus on t he following factors that affect liveability of the elderly: • Community support and health services • Outdoor spaces and buildings • Transportation The students collected primary data by conducting a survey in May in a central area in Toa Payoh town on two weekday afternoons. When they were unable to reach their targeted sample size of 50 respondents, the students decided to expand their number of responses for the survey by asking their peers, who have elderly relatives living in Toa Payoh, to help administer the survey. In addition to the survey, the students conducted face-to-face interviews with 6 elderly residents in Toa Payoh . The students also collected data by conducting on -site surveys of specific sites and recorded some physical features they observed in Toa Payoh town. Resource 1 shows sites in Toa Payoh town where the surveys are conducted. Resource 2 shows the data collection sheet used by students for the survey. Resource 3 shows the survey findings. Resource 4 shows physical features observed in Toa Payoh town during the on-site surveys. (a) Explain why the hypothesis is appropriate for the investigation. [3] (b) With reference to Resource 1, suggest the challenges that the students may face when conducting the survey. [4] (c) With reference to Resource 2, explain one strength and one weakness of the recording sheet. [5] (d) Explain the ethical considerations that the students should take note of when conducting interviews with the elderly. [4] (e) (f) Use a sketch graph to represent the ‘mean score for each factor’ shown in Resource 3. [4] The students concluded that the elderly living in Toa Payoh experience a high level of liveability. With reference to Resources 1, 3 and 4, evaluate the validity of their conclusion. [10]

3 Hwa Chong Institution 8834 / 01 / C2 Prelims 2025 [Turn over Section B Cluster 1 Sustainable Future and Climate Change Answer both questions 2 Resource 5 shows share of urban population in total (%) in Africa. Resource 6 shows the population pyramid of Ethiopia in 2021. Resource 7A shows the Setegn Meda slum in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Resource 7B shows the Integrated Housing Development Programme (IHDP) housing – Jemo condominium - in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Resource 8 shows perceptions of residents on comfort and positive characteristics of IDHP housing in three cities in Ethiopia. (a) Cite data from Resource 5 to describe the changes in urban population across Africa between 1950 and 2010. [4] (b) Suggest how population characteristics shown in Resource 6 may influence urbanisation rates in Ethiopia. [6] (c) Compare the conditions of the two housing areas in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia shown in Resources 7A and 7B. [4] (d) Explain the impact of multiple deprivations experienced by slum dwellers living in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia on sustainable urban development. [4] (e) With reference to Resources 7B and 8, suggest why the Integrated Housing Development Programme (IHDP) in Ethiopia may have limited success. [4] 3 Resource 9 shows the carbon dioxide emissions per person of various countries in 2023. Resource 10 shows the largest industry of each state in the United States by GDP. Resource 11 shows different ways of adapting to sea level rise. (a) Contrast the carbon dioxide emissions per person and population of the United States, China and India seen in Resource 9. [4] (b) Using Resource 10, suggest reasons for United States’ carbon dioxide emissions per person in Resource 9. [5] (c) Describe how sea level rise induced by climate change may affect coastal regions. [3] (d) With reference to Resource 11, explain the challenges of adapting to sea level rise. [4] (e) Using Resources 9 and 11, explain how adaptation and mitigation measures help manage the impacts of climate change. [6]

4 Hwa Chong Institution 8834 / 01 / C2 Prelims 2025 [Turn over Section C Answer two questions 4 ‘Achieving a high level of liveability in cities for women is fraught with issues. Evaluate this statement. [13] 5 Evaluate the extent to which impacts of climate change on people and places are similar. [13] 6 Evaluate the influence of high urbanization rates on contemporary climate change. [13] _______________________________________________________________________________ Acknowledgements Question 1 Resource 1 @ https://www.reddit.com/r/singapore/comments/ Question 1 Resource 2 @ Author’s own Question 1 Resource 3 @ Author’s own Question 1 Resource 4 @ https://www.dementiahub.sg/i-want-to-play-a-part/dementia-friendly-neighbourhoods/ Question 2 Resource 5 @ https://www.brookings.edu/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/200716_global_fotw _fig1_png Question 2 Resource 6 @ https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/ Question 2 Resource 7A @ https://www.habitatforhumanity.org.uk/blog/2017/11/slum -housing-ethiopia-modernise/ Question 2 Resource 7B @ https://www.reuters.com/article/world/ethiopians/ Question 2 Resource 8 @ https://www.thebritishacademy.ac.uk/documents/3530/JBA -9s9-04-SunikkaBlank-Abdie-Bardhan.pdf Question 3 Resource 9 @ https://www.globalcarbonatlas.org/en/CO2-emissions Question 3 Resource 10 @ https://howmuch.net/articles/the-largest-industry-in-each-state-by-gdp Question 3 Resource 11 @ Natural Resources Defense Council, 2019