Geog essay qns (2024:2025)

CLUSTER 1 (2024 A lvl) 'It is impossible to accurately measure SD.' ETS . (TMJC 2024 Prelim)‘Trade-offs are necessary to achieve SD’. ETS. (ACJC 2024 Prelim) “Political challenges are the main issue that will limit the progress towards SD” ETS (NJC 2024 Prelim) “ The world progress towards SD is alarmingly insufficient” Evaluate the validity of this statement. 1.1 Environment and Resources 1.1.1 Ecosystem services (EJC 2024 Prelim) ‘There are adequate provisioning services to support population growth.’ ETS. (NYJC 2025 Prelim) ‘Human activities have reduced the environment’s ability to provide ecosystem services.’ ETS 1.1.2 Environment and resources ● (NJC practice) Evaluate the relevance of Malthus theory in understanding the relationship between population and resources. ● (NJC 2024 MYE) 'A finite world can support only a finite pop..' ETS with reference to views on population-resource relationship. ● (TJC 2024 Prelim) Evaluate the value of Malthus’ view in explaining pop.-resource relationships today. ● (RVHS 2024 Prelim) ‘The world’s resource base will always be enough to support pop. growth.’ ETS. ● (HCI 2024 Prelim) ‘According to Thomas Malthus, pop. growth will always tend to outrun the food supply and that betterment of humankind is impossible without strict limits on reproduction.’ ETS. ● (JPJC 2024 Prelim) Evaluate Ester Boserup’s views on the role of tech in expanding resource base ● (ASR 2025 Prelim) Evaluate the validity of Malthus and Boserup's views in explaining the relationship between pop. and provisioning services today. ● (CJC 2025 Prelim) ‘Inadequate resources is the greatest challenge in meeting present & future needs’ ETS ● (DHS 2025 Prelim) ‘Evaluate the view that human incentiveness can overcome the limits imposed by the natural environment on pop. growth’ ● (HCI 2025 Prelim) Evaluate the key factors that influence the extent to which provisions services support pop. growth as outlined by Thomas Malthus and Ester Boserup. 1.1.3 Managing Resources Extractive industries Impacts ● (NYJC 2023 promo) “ Impacts of EIs vary spatially” ETS. ● (TMJC 2023 promo) “ Impacts of EIs are mostly negative” ETS ● (SAJC 2023 promo) Evaluate the impacts of EIs on the environment. ● (MI 2025 Prelim) Evaluate the extent which EIs hinder the achievement of SD. ● (SAJC 2025 Prelim) Evaluate the challenges the resource-rich countries face in making progress towards SD ● (VJC 2025 Prelim) ‘the impacts of EIs in CLLDs are always negative’ ETS Strategies ● (ASR 2024 Prelim) Evaluate the effectiveness of strategies to manage the effects of EIs. ● (NYJC 2024 Prelim) Evaluate the success of strategies to manage impacts of EIs on places. Transboundary Water (TBW) ● (TJC 2023 promo) “It is difficult to manage conflicts over TBW sources.” ETS ● (SP) Evaluate the success of strategies used to manage conflicts over transboundary rivers. ● (TMJC 2024 Prelim) Evaluate the causes of TWC. ● (VJC 2024 Prelim) ‘Strategies to manage conflicts over TBW resources are usually unsuccessful.’ ETS. ● (DHS 2024 Prelims/(EJC 2025 Prelim)) ‘It is challenging to manage conflicts overTBW resources’ ETS. ● (SAJC 2024 Prelims) ‘It is not possible to put an end to transboundary river conflict.” ETS

● (YIJC 2024 Prelim) ‘National interest is the key reason behind conflicts between countries sharing TBW resources.’ ETS. ● (ACJC 2025 prelim) Evaluate the strategies to manage conflicts over TWC Renewable energy (RE) ● (SAJC 2023 promo)‘The advantages of solar power as an energy source outweigh its disadvantages.’ ETS ● (CJC 2024 Prelim) ‘The use of RES will always lead to trade-offs in SD.’ ETS. ● (ACJC 2024 MYE ) The advantages of RE outweigh its disadvantages.' ETS. ● (VJC 2024 Prelim) ‘RES are good alternatives to fossil fuels as energy sources.’ ETS. ● (JPJC 2024 Prelims) ‘Solar power has a greater potential than hydropower in providing energy security’ ETS ● (NYJC 2024 MYA) ‘Economic considerations are more crucial in trade-offs associated with solar power’. ETS. 1.2 Development and the Global Economy (CJC 2025 Prelim) Evaluate the impacts of shifts in global patterns of production on countries’ economic sectors. (VJC 2025 Prelim) ‘the development of the global economy has led to increasing variations in levels of development across space’ ETS 1.2.2 TNCs ● (ASR 2023 Promo) “The GPNs of TNCs negatively impact host economies” ETS ● (SAJC 2024 Prelim) Evaluate the extent to which TNCs have negative impacts on their host economies. ● (NYJC 2024 Prelim) ‘The GPNs of TNCs positively impact host economies more than home economies .’ ETS. ● (YIJC 2024 MYA) Evaluate how the GPNs of TNCs benefit the home economies more than the host economies . ● (TMJC 2023 promo) “TNCs bring about more good than harm for countries ” ETS ● (RVHS 2024 Prelim) "The environmental impacts of GPNs or TNCs are the most damaging to host economies”. ETS. ● (DHS 2024 Prelim) ‘The GPNs of TNCs have resulted in greater interdependence between places within the global economy.’ ETS ● (ASR 2025 Prelim) Evaluate the view that TNCs are considered a mixed blessing to the host economies where they locate their production. ● (HCI 2025 Prelim) ‘Variations in the level of development of countries are mainly influenced by the GPNs of TNCs’ ETS ● (JPJC 2025 Prelim) ‘GPNs of TNCs contribute to SD in countries’ ETS ● (NYJC 2025 Prelim) Evaluate the view that the impacts of TNCs vary spatially 1.2.3 Actors (TJC 2023 promo) Evaluate the relative influence of actors in shaping the global economy. (EJC 2024 Prelim)Evaluate the extent to which economic actors have reduced variations in levels of development across space. Labour ● (ASR 2024 Prelim) Evaluate the view that labour has little influence over economic activities. ● (2024 A lvl) Evaluate the influence of labour on the global economy. ● (NJC 2024 Prelim) “States have more influence on economic activities than labour” ETS ● (JPJC 2024 MYA) ‘Labour has the greatest influence on economic activities in the global economy’ ETS ● (NYJC 2024 MYA) ‘Labour unions play the most important role in shaping the global economy.’ ETS Multilateral Institutions ● (CJC 2024 Prelim) Evaluate the influence of MIs on economic activities.

● (TJC 2024 Prelim) ) “MIs have limited influence on TNCs” ETS ● (ACJC 2025 prelim/(EJC 2025 Prelim) Evaluate the relative influence of MIs in shaping the global economy. States ● (RVHS 2023 promo/ (DHS 2025 Prelim) Evaluate the influence of states over the operations of TNCs ● (SP) Evaluate the influence of states on economic activities. ● (NJC consol practice) ‘TNCs are the most influential actors in the global economy.’ ETS ● (RI 2024 Prelim)‘The primary role of the state is to regulate economic activities.’ ETS. ● (ACJC 2024 Prelim) Evaluate the relative influence of the state in shaping the global economy. TNCs ● (RI 2024 Prelim) ‘The destruction of habitats can primarily be blamed on TNCs.’ ETS. ● (EJC 2024 MYE) “TNCs are the most influential actors in the global economy” ETS ● (NJC 2024 MYE)'TNCs have the most influence in the global economy.' ETS.

CLUSTER 2 2.1 tropical climates and drainage basins 2.1.1 Tropical climates Rainfall/ temp pattern essay ● (TJC 2023 promo) Evaluate the relative influence of the xxxxxxx on rainfall patterns in the tropics ○ Hadley Cell atmospheric circulation (SAJC 2024 Prelim) ○ Monsoon circulation (ASR 2024 Prelim) ○ El Niño Southern Oscillation (JPJC 2023 promo) ○ Cyclones (VJC 2024 Prelim) ○ Synoptic scale circulation (NYJC 2024 Prelim) ● (HCI J1 BT) Evaluate the extent to which the angle of incidence causes variations in temp in the tropics. ● (RI 2024 Prelim)‘ ‘The only difference between