CJC Prelim 2025 QP

© 2025 Catholic Junior College JC2 Preliminary Examinations CATHOLIC JUNIOR COLLEGEJC2 Preliminary Examinations Higher 1HISTORY 8838/01Paper 1 The Cold War and the Modern World (1945-1991) 3 September 20253 hoursNo Additional Materials are required.READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRSTAn answer booklet will be provided with this question paper. You should follow the instructions on the front cover of the answer booklet. If you need additional answer paper, ask the invigilator for a continuation booklet.Section AAnswer Question 1.Section BAnswer two questions.The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question. This document consists of 5 printed pages and 1 blank page.

2 2025 Catholic Junior College JC2 Preliminary Examinations Section AYou must answer Question 1.KHRUSHCHEV’S GOALS IN THE CUBAN MISSILE CRISIS1Read the sources and answer the questions that follow.Source AThere was a moment when I believe that he said something that he did not want me to hear, when he read to me the letters he wrote to the other side: We have fulfilled all our pledges and have withdrawn or are withdrawing, or are going to withdraw the missiles from Turkey and Italy. I remember it well, that he not only said Turkey but also Italy. I told myself, well, this has not been discussed publicly. This must have been some kind of gift or concession made - maybe in this case by Kennedy - to help Khrushchev. When I heard that phrase, it was the last thing that Nikita wanted me to hear, since he knew my way of thinking, and that we were completely against being used as an exchange token. This was contradictory to the theory that the missiles were sent for the defence of Cuba. Withdrawing missiles from Turkey had nothing to do with the defence of Cuba.From Castro’s recollections about his discussion with Khrushchev during his visit to the USSR in1963, shared at a conference on the Cuban Missile Crisis held in Havana, 1992.Source BCastro: I believe that the American guarantees have no great significance for us. There were no guarantees before October 22. The blockade existed [before], approximately the same. But we had the Soviet bombers*, even after the missiles were removed. Now our situation is even worse. We agreed to the withdrawal of the Soviet bombers only in order to help the Soviet Union.Mikoyan: No, Comrade Fidel. If we remind ourselves how we compared the Cuban situation in June of this year with its situation today, in November, we would see that it has improved in the military as well as in the political and diplomatic sense. Recall how the Americans were preparing an operation under the code name “Ortsac,” that is, “Castro” spelled backward. They were preparing to land 20,000 marines!* Bombers are airplanes designed to carry and drop bombs.From a conversation between Soviet Deputy Prime Minister Mikoyan and Castro,22 November 1962.

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