NCHS 2025 GEOG PRELIM P2 QP

Name: Register Number: Class: PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION 2025 SECONDARY FOUR EXPRESS GEOGRAPHY 2279/02 Paper 2 29 August 2025, Friday 1 hour 45 minutes Candidates answer on the Question Paper. READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Write your name, class and index number on all the work you hand in. Write in dark blue or black pen. You may use an HB pencil for any diagrams or graphs. Do not use staples, paper clips, glue or correction fluid. Answer all questions. The Insert contains additional resources referred to in the questions. The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question. The total marks for this paper is 50. This document consists of 15 printed pages including the coverpage.

2 Answer all questions. 1 Cluster 1: Geography in Everyday Life (a) Study Fig. 1.1 (Insert), which shows the locations of popular shopping malls and Shibuya Station in Tokyo. i. Using Fig. 1.1 (Insert), suggest one reason why cities like Tokyo develop shopping malls in close spatial association with subway stations. ……………………………………………………………………………………………..... ……………………………………………………………………………………………..... ……………………………………………………………………………………………..... ……………………………………………………………………………………………..... ……………………………………………………………………………………………..... ……………………………………………………………………………………………..... ……………………………………………………………………………………………..... …………………………………………………………………………………………….[2] Study Fig. 1.2 (Insert), which shows Todoroki Valley in central Tokyo. ii. Using Fig. 1.2 (Insert), explain how nature in this area may provide regulating ecosystem services. ……………………………………………………………………………………………..... ……………………………………………………………………………………………..... ……………………………………………………………………………………………..... ……………………………………………………………………………………………..... ……………………………………………………………………………………………..... ……………………………………………………………………………………………..... ……………………………………………………………………………………………..... ……………………………………………………………………………………………..... ……………………………………………………………………………………………..... …………………………………………………………………………………………….[3]

3 Study Fig. 1.3, which shows an excerpt from an article on sustainability efforts in Tokyo. Building a Sustainable Tokyo: Balancing the Environment, People, and the Economy Japan for Sustainability In Tokyo, several efforts have been made to reduce the effects of hot summer temperatures. These include building wind paths by spacing out tall buildings and removing older ones that block natural airflow, such as in a redevelopment project near Tokyo Station. Greenery is also being added in creative ways, such as planting grass along tram lines, installing rooftop and wall gardens, and using climbing plants like morning glory on window nets. Some cities like Nagoya have even passed laws that require new buildings to include a certain amount of green space. The government supports these efforts through grants, tax reductions, and planning incentives. Fig. 1.3 iii. With reference to Fig. 1.3, explain how the spatial layout and planning of Tokyo’s urban areas help to build sustainable neighbourhoods. ……………………………………………………………………………………………..... ……………………………………………………………………………………………..... ……………………………………………………………………………………………..... ……………………………………………………………………………………………..... ……………………………………………………………………………………………..... ……………………………………………………………………………………………..... ……………………………………………………………………………………………..... ……………………………………………………………………………………………..... ……………………………………………………………………………………………..... ……………………………………………………………………………………………..... ……………………………………………………………………………………………..... ……………………………………………………………………………………………..... …………………………………………………………………………………………….[4]

4 (b) In early 2025, a fast-moving wildfire broke out in the Palisades neighbourhood of Los Angeles, California, following weeks of dry weather, strong winds, and the rapid spread of flammable vegetation. The fire swept through the suburban area, destroying homes, infrastructure, and nearby natural spaces. Hundreds of residents were forced to evacuate. Study Figs. 1.4 and 1.5 (Insert), which show scenes from the Palisades neighbourhoods in California after the 2025 wildfires. i. With reference to Fig. 1.4 (Insert), describe the economic impacts of the wildfire on the Palisades neighbourhoods in California. ……………………………………………………………………………………………..... ……………………………………………………………………………………………..... ……………………………………………………………………………………………..... ……………………………………………………………………………………………..... ……………………………………………………………………………………………..... ……………………………………………………………………………………………..... ……………………………………………………………………………………………..... ……………………………………………………………………………………………..... ……………………………………………………………………………………………..... …………………………………………………………………………………………….[3] ii. Using Figs 1.4 and 1.5 (Insert), comment on how events like these may affect the Palisades residents’ sense of place. ……………………………………………………………………………………………..... ……………………………………………………………………………………………..... ……………………………………………………………………………………………..... ……………………………………………………………………………………………..... ……………………………………………………………………………………………..... ……………………………………………………………………………………………..... ……………………………………………………………………………………………..... ……………………………………………………………………………………………..... …………………………………………………………………………………………….[3] [Total: 15]

5 2 Cluster 4: Tectonics (a) On 28 March 2025, a powerful magnitude 7.7 earthquake struck central Myanmar along the Sagaing Fault. The earthquake resulted in approximately 3,649 deaths and more than US $11 billion in economic damage, equivalent to around 14% of the country’s GDP. Cities such as Naypyidaw and Mandalay were among the hardest hit. Study Fig. 2.1 (Insert), which shows a map showing the location of Sagaing fault in Myanmar and the distribution of earthquakes in the region since 1900. i. With reference to Fig. 2.1 (Insert), explain how tectonic movements along the Sagaing Fault could have caused the earthquake on 28 March 2025. ……………………………………………………………………………………………..... ……………………………………………………………………………………………..... ……………………………………………………………………………………………..... ……………………………………………………………………………………………..... ……………………………………………………………………………………………..... ……………………………………………………………………………………………..... ……………………………………………………………………………………………..... ……………………………………………………………………………………………..... ……………………………………………………………………………………………..... ……………………………………………………………………………………………..... …………………………………………………………………………………………….[4]

6 ii. Using Fig. 2.1 (Insert), calculate the population density of Naypyidaw. ……………………………………………………………………………………………..... …………………………………………………………………………………………….[1] iii. Using Fig. 2.1 (Insert), explain why the 2025 earthquake caused severe devastation in Myanmar despite the country experiencing many magnitude 6+ earthquakes since 1900. ……………………………………………………………………………………………..... ……………………………………………………………………………………………..... ……………………………………………………………………………………………..... ……………………………………………………………………………………………..... ……………………………………………………………………………………………..... ……………………………………………………………………………………………..... ……………………………………………………………………………………………..... ……………………………………………………………………………………………..... ……………………………………………………………………………………………..... ……………………………………………………………………………………………..... ……………………………………………………………………………………………..... ……………………………………………………………………………………………..... ……………………………………………………