SJI 2026 GEOG PRELIM P1 MS

St. Joseph’s Institution Year 4 Preliminary Examination 2026 Geography 2279/01 Marking Scheme Qn Answer Marks 1a Identify the sampling method that was used. Stratified random sampling 1 1bi With reference to Table 1.1, evaluate the usefulness of using perception surveys in this investigation. Award 1 mark for stating an advantage AND disadvantage of using perception surveys. Award a maximum of 1 additional mark for further development of each advantage, where applicable. Possible responses include: Useful ● The use of predefined responses guided students in collecting data directly from residents about their perceptions of how the eldercare facility has affected the liveability of the neighbourhood [1 mark], hence it is relevant to the aim of the investigation [1 additional mark]. ● The use of rating scale allows participants to respond to their opinions with a wide range of responses. ● These predefined responses can be easily analysed and interpreted [1 mark], allowing for easy comparison or identifying of patterns or trends [1 additional mark]. Not useful ● The statements used in the survey measure perceptions rather than actual changes in liveability [1 mark]. Residents' opinions may not accurately reflect objective conditions such as actual noise levels or traffic volume [1 additional mark]. ● Responses may be subjective or biased [1 mark] as it may be influenced by other factors such as age , whether the respondent or their family members use the eldercare facility or how long they have lived in the neighbourhood [1 additional mark]. ● Neutral column results in ambiguous data as it fails to capture the true or actual knowledge or opinion ● Some respondents may misinterpret the questions or provide incomplete or inaccurate responses instead of their true opinions [1 mark], hence making the findings unreliable [1 additional mark]. 4 1

1bii Using the information from Table 1.1, calculate the mean score for residents living within 150m of the eldercare facility. Aspect Very Negative (-2) Negative (-1) Neutral (0) Positive (+1) Very Positive (+2) Mean Score Services and support 2 3 3 5 2 0.13 Noise levels 6 4 2 2 1 −0.8 Traffic and parking 5 7 2 1 0 −1.07 Access to healthcare and community services 1 2 3 6 3 0.53 Suitability of location in residential areas 3 4 3 3 2 −0.20 AO2 2 1biii Use the information from Table 1.1 to complete the bar graph in Fig. 1.2 for the residents living within 150m of the eldercare facility. Award 1 mark for accurate construction of the graph, to a maximum of 4 marks. Residents living within 150m of the eldercare facility (mean score by aspect) Fig. 1.2 4 2

1ci Using Figs. 1.3 and 1.4, evaluate how well the data supports the students’ hypothesis: ‘Residents living closer to the eldercare facility perceive the neighbourhood to be less liveable than residents living farther away’. Award 1 mark for each evaluation on well the data supports the students’ research question, to a maximum of 5 marks. Award a maximum of 1 additional mark for further development of each evaluation, where applicable. Evidence must be used from Fig. 1.3 and Fig. 1.4 Possible responses: Conclusion ● The data largely supports the hypothesis [1 mark] Support ● From Fig. 1.3, the line of best fit shows a positive relationship between distance from the eldercare facility and perceived liveability [1 mark]. As the distance from the eldercare facility decreases from about 300 m to 100 m , the overall liveability score generally increases from around 0.8 to -0.1 [1 additional mark]. ● From Fig. 1.4, the mental maps support the hypothesis. Residents living closer to the eldercare facility identify more negative impacts on their neighbourhood such as traffic congestion, noise and parking shortages [1 mark], whereas residents living farther away identify fewer negative impacts and more positive features such as convenience, accessibility, amenities and a pleasant living environment [1 additional mark]. Does not fully support ● From Fig. 1.3, an anomaly is observed at approximately 195–200 m from the eldercare facility. Although residents living around this distance generally have a positive liveability score of about +0.3, one respondent recorded a negative liveability score of approximately −0.1 [1 mark]. This data point lies well below the line of best fit and does not follow the overall positive trend [1 additional mark]. ● From Fig. 1.4, the mental map of a resident living 150-300m from the eldercare facility also brings out his personal connection to the eldercare facility because his grandmother attends it. This may have contributed to a more favourable perception of both the facility and the neighbourhood. 5 1cii Suggest two ways the students could improve the reliability of their findings. 4 3

Award 1 mark for each explanation on how the students could improve their data collection to improve reliability, to a maximum of 4 marks. Award a maximum of 1 additional mark for further development of each explanation, where applicable. Possible responses include: ● The survey should be conducted on both weekdays and weekends (or at different times of the day) to obtain responses from a wider range of residents [1 mark], making the findings more representative and therefore more reliable [1 additional mark]. ● Increase the sample size by surveying more than 15 residents in each distance band OR asking more than 2 residents to construct their mental maps [1 mark] to reduce the influence of individual opinions and provide a more representative set of findings [1 additional mark]. ● Instead of one location, conduct the survey across a wider area , including residents in all directions such as from more residential blocks around the eldercare facility [1 mark]. This reduces bias caused by localised conditions (e.g. traffic congestion or nearby amenities) and makes the findings more representative and reliable [1 additional mark]. AO2 Qn Answer Marks 2a Suggest how disruptions to transit routes can impact on the overall tourism system. Award 1 mark for each impact on both the tourist generating and destination regions, to a maximum of 2 marks. Possible responses include: Impact on destination ● If transport routes are blocked or unsafe, the destination region experiences a sharp decline in visitor arrivals. This leads to lost revenue for hotels, restaurants, and local businesses, potentially causing job losses [1 mark]. Impact on generating region ● Travellers may experience cancellations or be stranded abroad, decreasing the overall propensity to travel during that period [1 mark]. ● Disruptions on transit routes due to outbreak of wars, natural disasters can significantly affect tour operators as they may experience cancellations and reduced bookings leading to loss of revenue and reduced profits [1 mark].