SCGS 2025 GEOG PRELIM P1 MS

1 [Turn over SINGAPORE CHINESE GIRLS’ SCHOOL PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION 2025 SECONDARY FOUR O-LEVEL PROGRAMME PAPER 1 (ANSWER KEY) Answer all questions. 1 Cluster 1: Geography in Everyday Life A group of students would like to study the ecosystem services provided by green spaces in Singapore. They decided to conduct their study in the Bishan-Ang Mo Kio Park. The students wanted to test the hypothesis: ‘The higher the number of trees in the area, the lower the temperature’. The students found a map of the park online as shown in Fig. 1.1 (Insert) and identified the area X to conduct their study. (a) Using Fig. 1.1, describe how the students can use random sampling to conduct their study in area X. [3] Award 1 mark for each description of how the sampling can be conducted in area X, to a maximum of 3 marks. • The students can number each grid square/line. • Next, they can use a random number generator to select the numbers/coordinates . • These coordinates/numbers will determine the locations where the students will measure air temperatures in the park. (b) Study Fig. 1.2, which shows a scatter plot diagram of the results collected by the students. Fig. 1.2 27.5 28 28.5 29 29.5 30 30.5 31 31.5 32 32.5 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Average temperature (oC) Number of trees Relationship between number of trees and temperature of area

2 [Turn over (i) Draw a best fit line on the scatter plot diagram in Fig. 1.2. (ii) Using Fig. 1.2, explain whether the hypothesis has been proven. [3] Award 1 mark for each explanation whether hypothesis has been proven, to a maximum of 2 marks. • Yes, the hypothesis has been proven as the average temperature decreases as the number of trees in the area increases / there is a negative correlation between the two variables. • When there are the highest number of trees (7) in the area, the average temperature is the lowest at 28 degree celsius. While the lowest number of trees (1) in the area had an average temperature of 32 degree celsius. • However, there was an anomaly where they are 5 trees as the average temperature increased by 1 degree celsius higher as compared to where they are 4 trees . 27.5 28 28.5 29 29.5 30 30.5 31 31.5 32 32.5 33 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Average temperature (oC) Number of trees Correlation between number of trees and temperature of area

3 [Turn over (c) The students also wanted to study about cultural ecosystem services in Bishan-Ang Mo Kio Park. They designed a questionnaire , as shown in Fig. 1.3, to survey the people visiting the park. Sample of questionnaire Survey on the usage of Bishan-Ang Mo Kio Park We are a group of students studying the usage of Bishan-Ang Mo Kio Park. Thank you for your time in completing this survey. 1. What is your gender? a. Male b. Female c. Prefer not to say 2. What is your age? a. Below 18