SNGS 2025 GEOG PRELIM P1 QP

This document consists of 12 printed pages, 2 blank pages and 1 insert. [Turn over Name: _________________________ ( ) Class: _____________ PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION GENERAL CERTIFICATE OF EDUCATION ORDINARY LEVEL GEOGRAPHY 2279/01 Paper 1 21 August 2025 1 hour 45 minutes Candidates answer in the Question Paper Additional materials: Insert __________________________________________________________________________________ READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Write your name, register number, and class on all the work you hand in. Write in dark blue or black pen. You may use a HB pencil for any diagrams or graphs. Do not use highlighters, glue, correction fluid or correction tape. Answer all questions. The Insert contains additional resources referred to in the questions. The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question. _____________________________________________________________________________

2 [Turn over Answer all questions. 1. Cluster 1: Geography in Everyday Life A group of students from SNGS wanted to study the impact of Park Connector Networks (PCNs) on its visitors. The students decided to focus their investigation on the Southern Ridges PCN and came up with the hypothesis: ‘The Southern Ridges Park Connector Network has a made a positive impact on its visitors.’ The students started their investigation by studying a map featuring all the PCNs in Singapore as seen in Fig.1.1 (insert). (a) State where the students may have retrieved the map from and, other than showing location, explain one possible use of the map in their investigation. ………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………..… .………………… ……………………………………………………………………… …………… …… .….. [2] (b) Before the students went to the Southern Ridges PCN, they did a risk assessment. The risk assessment filled out by the group is shown in Fig. 1.2. hazard likelihood of hazard severity of hazard degree of risk getting lost or separated from group 2 2 4 exposure to high temperature 3 3 9 caught in heavy rainfall 3 2 6 slipping/tripping/falling 2 4 8 Fig. 1.2 (i) Based on Fig. 1.2, assess the level of risk involved in conducting their investigation at the Southern Ridges PCN. …………………..……………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………..……………………………………………… ……………………………………… ...…………..………………………………… [2] Understanding risk assessment: Likelihood of hazard: 1 (little chance) to 5 (greatest chance) Severity of hazard: 1 (least severe) to 5 (most severe) Degree of risk = likelihood of encountering hazard x severity of hazard

3 [Turn over (ii) Suggest two strategies that the students can adopt to prepare for the hazard with the highest degree of risk. ………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………… [2] (c) The students decided to that they will interview 50 visitors on one weekend morning at the Southern Ridges PCN. They prepared a set of questions, as seen in Fig.1.3, to conduct their interviews. Fig. 1.4 (insert) shows a map the Southern Ridges PCN. Fig. 1.3 (i) Describe how the data collected for Question 1 could be presented on a map of Singapore. ………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………… ...……………………… [2] (ii) Suggest why asking the respondents to draw a mental map of their experience, as seen in Question 6, is a good idea. ………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………… ...……………………… [2]

4 [Turn over (iii) With reference to Fig. 1.4, explain how the students could sample visitors to collect the data needed to test their hypothesis. Justify your choice of sampling method. ………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………..………………… …………………………………………… …….…………………………………… …………………………………………………...………………………..…… …… ………………………………………………………………………………… ….[ 4]

5 [Turn over (d) The students decided to expand their hypothesis: Revised hypothesis: ‘The Southern Ridges has made a positive impact on its visitors and the environment.’ Other than the interviews, they also conducted an environmental observation survey at selected locations of the Southern ridges PCN. Figs. 1.5 and 1.6 show the tabulated responses of their interview and the environmental survey. Fig. 1.5 Fig. 1.6 Using Figs.1.5 and 1.6 only, evaluate how well the data supports the students’ revised hypothesis. …………………………………………………………………………… ..………………… ……………………………………………………………………… ..……………………… Environmental observation Survey at the Southern Respondent Options of the Impact of Southern Ridges

6 [Turn over ………………………………………………………………… ..…………………………… …………………………………………… ……………………. …………… ..……………… ……………………………………………………………………… ..……………………… ………………………………………………………………… ..…………………………… …………………………………………………………… ..………………………………… …………………………………………………… ..………………………………………… …………………………………… ..………… ………………………… …………………… ………………………………………………………… ..…………………………………… ………………………………………………………… ..…………………………………… ………………………………………………… ..…………………………………………… ………………………………………… ..…………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………..………………….……… …… ………………………………………………………………………………..……………. … ……………………………………………… …….. …………………… ..……… ..……… [6] [20 marks]

7 [Turn over 2. Cluster 2: Tourism (a) With the help of an example, explain how an increase in the ability to travel has led to the growth of tourism. ……………………..…………………………………………………………………….…… …………………………………………………………………………………...…………… …………..…………………………………………………………… ……………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………….. …………………….[ 3] (b) Study Fig. 2 which shows two different perspectives about Chinatown. Fig. 2 Using Fig. 2, compare the role of Chinatown in Singapore over time and explain how this change may lead to cultural dilution if not carefully managed. ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………… ...……………………………………………………………………...…….[ 3]

8 [Turn over (c) How does tourism positively affect the society and economy of places? Illustrate your answer with an example that you have studied. ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………..……………..………………………………………………………… … ..……….… ………………...…………………………………………………………………….. ..……… ………………..………...…………………………………………… …………… ......……… ……………………………………………………………………………… ………………… ……………………………………………………………………………... ……………… [5] (d) Explain pro-poor tourism and its limitations. ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………..……………..………………………………………………………… ………….… .. …………………………… …………………………………………. ..…………….…….[ 4] [15 marks]

9 [Turn over 3. Cluster 3: Climate (a) Study Fig. 3.1 (insert), which shows the intensity of the Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect in Singapore and Fig. 3.2 (insert)