Tut 12 - Stem Cells (Teacher)

St Andrew’s Junior College The Cell and Biomolecules of Life / Stem Cells 2022 H1 Biology 1 Full Name: Civics group: 21S Index no.: Date: Core Idea 1: Cells and Biomolecules of Life Stem Cells Tutorial 12 MCQ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 D A C D B A D 1 Which of the following shows the correct developmental potency of the following stem cells. Zygotic stem cells ➔ can differentiate into all types of cells to form a whole organism i.e. totipotent Embryonic stem cells ➔ can differentiate into most types of cells except extra-embryonic tissues i.e. pluripotent Myeloid stem cells ➔ can differentiate into specific lineage of cells found in the blood eg. RBCs, neutrophils, basophils i.e. multipotent Neural stem cells➔ can differentiate into specific lineage of cells that make the nervous system eg. neurons, oligodendrocytes, astrocytes i.e. multipotent A Pluripotent Totipotent Multipotent Unipotent B Totipotent Pluripotent Multipotent Unipotent C Pluripotent Totipotent Pluripotent Multipotent D Totipotent Pluripotent Multipotent Multipotent 2 Which of the following best illustrates totipotency? A A somatic cell isolated from a root tip develops into a normal adult plant. ➔ only totipotent cells can divide and differentiate into any cell type to form a whole organism. B Stem cells are able to divide indefinitely. ➔ This is characteristic of all stem cells, not just totipotent stem cells. C Mesenchymal stem cells can differentiate into an extensive range of cell types, including bone cells, cartilage cells, muscle cells and fat cells. ➔ This suggests that mesenchymal stem cells are multipotent as they can differentiate to form specific types of cells (albeit extensive)

St Andrew’s Junior College The Cell and Biomolecules of Life / Stem Cells 2022 H1 Biology 2 D The replacement of the nucleus of an unfertilised egg with that of a pancreatic cell converts the egg into a pancreatic cell. ➔ This does not illustrate totipotency as a pancreatic cell is a specialised cell. A totipotent stem cell is unspecialised. 3 Which of the following statements is/are true regarding zygotic stem cells and cancer cells? 1 Both are able to move from one location to another. ➔ only cancer cells can undergo metastasis 2 Both are able to divide by mitotic division. ➔ True; both are eukaryotic cells capable of mitosis 3 Both are specialised cells and capable to differentiate further. ➔ False, both stem cells and cancer cells are not specialised (not playing a particular function) and are capable of differentiating further given the right environmental conditions 4 Both are capable of indefinite replication. ➔ True, telomerase gene is activated in both stem cells and cancer cells A 2 only B 1 and 3 only C 2 and 4 only D 1, 2 and 4 only 4 What is the role of stem cells with regard to the function of adult tissues and organs? A Stem cells are fully differentiated c