SAJC_2021_Prelims_H2 History Paper 1_Final

©SAJC 2021 9752/01/21/Prelims ST ANDREW’S JUNIOR COLLEGE JC2 Preliminary Examinations General Certificate of Education Advanced Level Higher 2 HISTORY Paper 1 Shaping the International Order (1945-2000) 9752/01 15 September 2021 3 hours No Additional Materials are required. READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST An answer booklet will be provided with this question paper. You should follow the instructions on the front cover of the answer booklet. If you need additional answer paper ask the invigilator for a continuation booklet. Section A Answer Question 1. Section B Answer two questions. The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question. _________________________________________________________________________ This document consists of 6 printed pages. [Turn over

2 ©SAJC 2021 9752/01/21/Prelims Section A You must answer Question 1. Summit Diplomacy and the End of the Bipolarity Source A Gorbachev said that , as the Geneva Summit was coming to an end , he felt that he and President Reagan had truly made a start. It would have been unrealistic to expect great progress right away. But the whole world was very concerned, and it was a good thing that they had made this start. ‘We have started something,’ President Reagan said, and he felt that these meetings expressed the will and desire of both sides to find an answer that would benefit not only all the people o f the world living, but also the yet unborn. ‘We will continue meeting,’ Reagan said, ‘and continue to work for those causes which had brough t the sides together here in Geneva.’ Gorbachev answered, saying that he was confident that the two of them had sta rted something. After a very long interval between summit meetings, he shared Reagan’s view that it would be wrong to give a false signal from Geneva. ‘If now we have laid the first few bricks,’ Gorbachev said, ‘we have made a new start, a new phase has begun. This is very important.’ ‘The major differences are ahead,’ he said, but he wanted to invite the U.S. side to move ahead on the appointed road together with the Soviet side, with mutual understanding and a sense of responsibility.’ From a memorandum of a conversation between Gorbachev and Reagan during the Geneva Summit, November 1985. *A memorandum refers to an official record of a diplomatic meeting Source B Reagan and Gorbachev’s shared concern over the danger of nuclear weapons did produce some breakthrough proposals at Geneva, especially Gorbachev’s embrace of 50 percent cuts in ballistic missiles where the USSR had a large numerical advantage. The CIA’s Deputy Director of Intelligence remarked years later, ‘Somebody asked me when did I think the Cold War was over. Intellectually, for me, it was November of 1985 in Geneva, wh