2013 MJC H2 Geography P2 QP

MERIDIAN JUNIOR COLLEGE JC 2 PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION 2013 Higher 2 _________________________________________________________________________________ H2 Geography 9730/02 Paper 2 Human Geography 25 Sep 2013 3 Hours Additional Materials: Answer Paper 1 Insert World outline map _________________________________________________________________________________ READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Write your name, civics group and index number on all the work you hand in. Write in dark blue or black pen on both sides of the paper. You may use a soft pencil for any diagrams, graphs or rough working. Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid. Section A Answer all questions. Section B Answer two questions, each from a different topic. Diagrams and sketch maps should be drawn wherever they serve to illustrate an answer. The world outline map may be annotated and handed in with relevant answers. You are reminded of the need for good English and clear presentation in your answers. Start each question on a fresh sheet of paper. At the end of the examination, fasten this cover sheet and all your work securely together in chronological order. The number of marks is given in the brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question. _________________________________________________________________________________ This document consists of 4 printed pages. Name: ________________________________________________ Class: ________________________________________________ Index number: ________________________________________________ Qn no. (Section A) Marks Qn no. (Section B) Marks 1 5 Either / Or* 2 6 Either / Or* 3 7 Either / Or* 4 Total *Please circle the question number attempted and delete Either / Or accordingly

9730/02/Prelims/JC2/MJC/2013 2 Section A Answer all questions in this section. Questions 1, 2 and 3 carry 12 marks and Question 4 carries 14 marks. You should allocate your time accordingly. The Globalisation of Economic Activity 1 Fig. 1 is an extract from the website of the Bangladesh Export Processing Zones Authority (BERPZA), in Bangladesh, a Less Developed Country (LDC) in South Asia. (a) Define Export Processing Zones. [2] (b) With the help of Fig. 1, outline why EPZs are attractive locations for manufacturing and related service industries. [5] (c) Explain what other information a business may find helpful in deciding whether to locate production on one of BEPZA’s sites. [5] Population Issues and Challenges 2 Study Fig. 2 which shows the demographic transition model. (a) Describe and explain the population trends in Stage 1 of the model. [6] (b) Some versions of the model include an additional stage of transition, Stage 5. (i) Outline the characteristics of this possible Stage 5. (ii) What evidence is there today of the existence of a Stage 5? [2] [4] Urban Issues and Challenges 3 Study Fig. 3, which shows possible changes over time in land values in an industrial city in a Developed Country (DC) . (a) Describe the changes in the relationship between land value and distance from the CBD shown in Fig. 3. [4] (b) Suggest reasons why land in zone S increases in value during the declining industrial stage. Use examples to support your answer. [8]

9730/02/Prelims/JC2/MJC/2013 3 The Globalisation of Economic Activity and Urban Issues and Challenges 4 Fig.4 shows world variations in GNP (Gross National Product) per person in 1996. (a) Describe one advantage and one disadvantage of using GNP per person to express inequality. [2] (b) To what extent may a North-South pattern be seen in Fig. 4? [6] (c) Briefly explain how you would undertake primary fieldwork to delimit the CBD of a small city. [6] Section B Answer two questions, each from a different topic. All questions carry 25 marks. The Globalisation of Economic Activity 5 Either (a) Using examples, explain the nature of Transnational Corporations (TNCs). [9] (b) "TNCs have had more negative impacts than positive impacts on their host countries." To what extent do you agree with this statement? [16] 5 OR (a) Using examples, explain why there is a growing globalisation of economic activity. [9] (b) Discuss the growth and locational shifts in various economic activities as a result of the globalization of economic activity. [16] Population Issues and Challenges 6 Either (a) Explain why countries choose to implement pro-natal policies. [9] (b) Compare the effectiveness of pro-natal policies in Developed Countries. [16] 6 OR (a) Explain why the population structures of various countries differ. [9] (b) Assess the implications of changes in population structure within and between countries. [16]

9730/02/Prelims/JC2/MJC/2013 4 Urban Issues and Challenges 7 Either (a) Using examples, distinguish between counter-urbanisation, sub- urbanisation and re-urbanisation. [9] (b) ‘The complexities and pace of contemporary city development make attempts to explain urban structures irrelevant.’ To what extent do you agree with the statement? [16] 7 OR (a) Using examples, explain why gentrification occurs in cities and outline both its positive and negative impacts. [9] (b) “Formula 1 (car racing) has been good for Singapore. It has helped to strengthen Singapore’s standing as a global city with a vibrant lifestyle.” (Mr S Iswaran, Second Minister for Home Affairs and Trade and Industry, Singapore, 2012) To what extent has the re-imaging of cities been successful? [16]