BV 4NA HUM (GEOGRAPHY) PRELIMS 2020 ANS

BEDOK VIEW SECONDARY SCHOOL PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION 2020 CANDIDATE NAME REGISTER NUMBER CLASS HUMANITIES 2175/02 Secondary Four Normal (Academic) 11 August 2020 Paper 2 Geography 1 hour 40 minutes MARK SCHEME Setters: Mdm Syafiqah This document consists of 21 printed pages, including this cover page.

2 Section A Answer Question 1 from this section. 1 Some students were investigating local weather conditions. A group of students studied temperature and rainfall. They had one guiding question to answer ‘Does temperature affect rainfall?’ The students carried out the investigation in their school fiel d. They took the recordings once a day over a period of 7 day s, using maximum and minimum thermometer, rain gauge and sling psychrometer. Study Table 1, which shows their findings for their investigation. Table 1 Results of weather data collected Day Temperature (°C) Rainfall (mm) Relative Humidity (%) 1 29 50 87 2 26 65 60 3 27 35 90 4 28 44 89 5 32 66 64 6 33 80 55 7 31 51 68 Using Table 1, calculate the average temperature from Day 1 to 7. Round up your answer to 1 decimal place. Award 1m for each point. No marks will be given if working is not shown. • (29 + 26 + 27+ 28 + 32 + 33+ 31) / 7 = 206 / 7 = 29.4°C [1] (b) Describe the steps the students need to take to measure rainfall. Award 1m for each point. • Find an appropriate spot to place the rain gauge and position the rain gauge in an open area. • Place the rain gauge into the ground with about 30 cm protruding above ground. Record the time at which the rainfall events start and end. • Pour the collected water in the rain gauge into a measuring cylinder. Read and record the water level. [3] (a)

3 (c) Using data in Table 1, plot a scatter graph to show the relationship between temperature (°C) and rainfall (mm). Draw the line of best fit. [3] Award 1m for correct title and correct axis. Award 1m for accurate plotting. Award 1m for correct (positive) relationship, as shown by line of best fit. Award no mark if independent and dependent variable are not accurately drawn. (d) The students came up with a hypothesis, ‘When temperature increases, rainfall decreases.’ With reference to Table 1 and scatter graph drawn in (c), comment on the relationship between temperature and rainfall. Award 1m for each point. Reserve 1m for anomaly. Reserve 1m for conclusion. • The data shows that when temperature increases, rainfall also increases. • When temperature is low at 27°C in Day 2, rainfall is also the lowest at 35mm. When temperature is higher in Day 7 at 33 °C, an increase of 6°C, rainfall also increases to 80mm, showing an increase of 45mm. • However, the anomaly is in Day 1, where temperature is the lowest at 26°C but temperature is relatively high at 65mm. [3] 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 24 26 28 30 32 34 Rainfall (mm) Temperature (°C) Relationship between temperature and rainfall

4 (e) Suggest a guiding question that could link temperature and relative humidity and d escribe ways in which the students can ensure that their data collection is accurate when measuring temperature. Reserve 1m for guiding question. Reserve 2m for accuracy. Award 1 mark for any of the following points. Suggest: • Does temperature affect relative humidity? • Will relative humidity increase when temperature increases? • Accept any plausible answer, with correct identification of dependent and independent variable. Describe: • Place the maximum and minimum thermometer in a Stevenson screen where it is kept out of direct sunlight. • Elevate the thermometer at least 1.5m above the ground. Since the ground absorbs heat, placing the thermometer directly on the ground will result in inaccurate readings. • Read off t he top end of the metal index in a maximum and minimum thermometer instead of the bottom end to prevent parallax error. [3]

5 Section B Answer Question 2 from this section. 2 (a) Study Fig. 1, which shows the number of tourist arrivals in three countries in Africa between 2010 and 2015. Tourist arrivals in three countries in Africa Fig. 1 Using Fig. 1, compare the trends in the number of tourist arrivals for Kenya and Uganda from 2010 to 2015. [3] Award 1m for each of the following points. • Generally, Kenya has shown a decrease in the number of tourist arrivals of about 0.7 million from 2010 to 20 15. However, Uganda has shown a slight increase in the number o f tourist arrivals of about 0.2 million. The change in the number of tourist arrivals in Uganda is about 3.5 times that of Kenya’s. • From 2010-2013, tourist arrivals in Kenya has shown a small decrease of about 0.1 million while tourist arrivals in Uganda has show n a small increase of about 0.2 million. • From 2013-2015, tourist arrivals in Kenya shows a gradual decrease of about 0.60 million while tourist arrivals remain constant at about 1.2 million.

6 (b) Study Fig. 2, which shows an extract in the news about a virus outbreak. Thailand recommends against visiting Singapore due to virus outbreak Fig. 2 Using Fig. 2 and your own studies, explain how an outbreak of disease can cause a decline in tourist arrivals in Singapore. [3] Award 1m for each of the following points. Award max 1m if no reference to the figure is made. • An outbreak of disease like the deadly coronavirus would deter tourist s from travelling to Singapore, causing a decline in tourist arrivals. • This is because, tourists do not want to risk getting infected with a contagious disease. This is seen in Thailand where Dr Tahana rak Phaliphat warned the risk of imported Covid -19 cases, should tourists from Thailand visit Singapore. • Governments in Indonesia and Taiwan have also issued travel alerts to take precautions when visiting Singapore and this may cause them to avoid disease-stricken countries like Singapore. (c) ‘Disposable income is the main reason for the growth of global tourism.’ How far do you agree with this statement ? Support your answer with examples. [6] Level 1 (0-2) At this level answers will be generalised or with minimal support if any stand were given at all. Reasoning rather weak and expression may be unclear. A basic answer that has little development. Award 1m for some description of the growth of global tourism. Award 2m for some description of disposable income. Thailand's Health Ministry included Singapore in a recommendation on countries to avoid due to the coronavirus outbreak, spelling another blow for Singapore’s tourism sector. "As more countries have been affected by Covid-19, Thailand will have a higher risk of imported Covid-19 cases," said Dr Thanarak Phaliphat, deputy director -general of the Disease Control Department. Indonesia and Taiwan have issued travel alerts telling their citizens to take precautions if visiting Singapore. The Singapore Tourism Board (STB) has projected a 25 per cent to 30 per cent drop in visitor arrivals this year as the deadly coronavirus continues its global spread. The Straits Times, March 9 2020

7 Level 2 (3-4) Disagreement or agreement will be supported by appropriate details. Or, both agreement and disagreement are considered, but support is patchy so that the answer is not full. Good reasoning and logic in parts of the answer with good expression in places. Award 3m for an explanation of why disposable income is one of the reasons for the growth in global tourism, without examples. Award 4m for an explanation of why disposabl