BV 4NA HUM (GEOGRAPHY) PRELIMS 2021 ANS

BEDOK VIEW SECONDARY SCHOOL PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION 2021 HUMANITIES 2175/02 Secondary Four Normal (Academic) 30 July 2021 Paper 2 Geography 1 hour 40 minutes MARK SCHEME Setter: Ms Ee-laine Oh This document consists of 23 printed pages including this cover page.

2 Section A Answer either Question 1 or Question 2 from this section. 1 A group of students wanted to understand the tourist profile of tourists who visited the Annapurna region in Nepal as part of their geographical investigation on niche tourism. The Annapurna region is part of a mountain range which is a popular tourist t rekking destination in Nepal. Aside from mountainous treks, it offers opportunities for interactions with the locals, lush forests and agriculture. One of its most popular treks is the Annapurna circuit trek. (a) Fig. 1 shows the Annapurna circuit trek map, where tourists travel from Kathmandu to attempt it. Annapurna circuit trek map Fig. 1 (i) The students wanted to use a questionnaire to find out the age groups of tourists visiting the Annapurna circuit trek, and what they enjoyed about the trek. State one question relevant to their investigation on tourist profiles which the students should include in their questionnaire. [1] Award 1m for any of the following points. • What is your age? • Are you a domestic or international tourist? • What activities did you enjoy during the trek? • Accept any plausible answers related to the students’ objective (ii) Describe other considerations the students should make in the design of their questionnaire before carrying it out. [2] Award 1m for any of the following points. • The questionnaire should begin with a few closed questions and end with a small number of open-ended questions. • The length of the questionnaire should not exceed ten questions. • Avoid questions which require plenty of thought, cause offence or misunderstanding. • Use simple and clear language when crafting questions. • Accept any plausible answers

3 (iii) The students decided to use random sam pling to survey 50 tourists at Nayapul, which is the end point of the trek. Describe how random sampling is conducted. [2] Award 1m for each of the following points. • Random sampling can be conducted with the use of a tool like a number generator which generates random numbers to determine which tourists should be selected for the survey. • Students will then count an d approach tourists who correspond to the generated numbers to conduct the survey with them. (b) Suggest one way the students could ensure their data collection method is reliable. [1] Award 1m for any of the following suggestions. • The students could collect data over an extended period of time like a few months to take into consideration any variations of tourists at different times of the year. • The students could increase the sample size to attain more responses. (c) Study Photograph A (Insert), which shows the scenery along the Annapurna circuit trek. In the box below, draw a field sketch of the scenery and annotate two features which provide tourist opportunities. [3] Award 1m for a drawing which shows an outline of key features (mountains, agriculture, settlements) in the photograph. Award 1m each for two appropriate annotations. Mountains where tourists can engage in activities like mountaineering, hiking and enjoy the scenery. Lodges for tourist accommodation after they trek in the area. Tourists can participate in home-stay opportunities to experience and learn about the local culture. Tourists can learn about agricultural practices from the locals. Designated paths for tourists to trek / hike to explore the area.

4 (d) Fig. 2 and Table 1 show information on tourists’ profiles from the students’ investigation. Fig. 2 Table 1 For the purpose of their investigation, the students came up with the hypothesis ‘Th e Annapurna circuit trek is more popular among tourists of 30 years and above, who enjoy mountaineering as a sport.’ Using evidence from Fig. 2 and Table 1, explain if the students’ hypothesis is proven. [4] Award 1m for each of the following points. Award a maximum of 2m if no evidence is seen in the answer. • The students’ hypothesis is proven. The Annapurna circuit trek is indeed more popular among tourists above the age of 30 and most of them enjoy mountaineering as a sport. • Out of the 50 tourists, more than half (26 ) were above the age of 30, showing that the trek is more popular among tourists above the age of 30. • Out of the activities for tourists above the age of 30, the highest number of responses (15) was for mountaineering. 11 tourists between 31-40 years and 4 tourists between 41- 50 years selected this. • However, an anomaly is seen among tourists in the age group above 50 , who selected enjoying scenery as an activity and none of them selected mountaineering. Tourists from different age groups

5 2 A group of students in Lanarkshire, Scotland, wanted to find out if cloud cover had an impact on temperature and relative humidity. They conducted a weather investigation over a period of 14 days. (a) (i) Name an instrument aside from a weather tracker , which the students can use to measure temperature readings. [1] Award 1m for any of the following instruments. • Maximum and minimum thermometer • Digital thermometer • Analogue thermometer (ii) Briefly describe how the sling psychrometer c an be used to accurately measure relative humidity. [3] Award 1m for each of the following points. Award a maximum of 2m if no precautions for accuracy is seen. • Dip the wick of the wet bulb thermometer in water. • Swing the sling psychrometer at a steady pace for one minute, keeping it far from the body to avoid capturing temperature of body heat. • Read and record both the wet and dry bulb thermometers at eye level to avoid parallax error. (b) The students collected data on temperature, relative humidity and cloud cover. The data is shown in Fig. 3 below. Weather data for Lanarkshire, Scotland Day Temperature (°C) Relative Humidity (%) Cloud Cover (%) 1 21 91 71 2 13 69 77 3 17 63 61 4 16 72 70 5 17 66 64 6 15 73 71 7 17 66 62 8 15 76 68 9 12 82 69 10 12 80 69 11 12 70 61 12 19 60 55 13 18 59 60 14 20 55 52 Fig. 3

6 Using Fig. 3 , state the day with the highest temperature and calculate the average temperature across all 14 days. [2] Award 1m for state and 1m for calculate. No marks are awarded if working is not shown or no units seen. State • Day 1 Calculate • (21+13+17+16+17+15+17+15+12+12+12+19+18+20) ÷ 14 = 16°C (c) To test the guiding question ‘Does cloud cover affect relative humidity?’, the students used data f