H2 9174 History paper 1 SBQ + Essay Question Notes (IH)

README: Somesectionsmaynot becomplete. Pleaseforgivethat or addontoit asyouplease! SBQsegment 1. **Emergenceof theColdWar after theSecondWorldWar** Bit of backstorycontext AmericanhostilitiestoSovietswerealreadypresent in1917..duetotheinherent clashinvalues.Sovietsalsodidnot likeAmericans, particularlyafter their interventiononthesideof the‘WhiteRussian’ forces+Marxist-Leninist thinkingimpliedthat aclashwithcapitalismwasinevitableandavoidable. Confrontationwouldhappenonewayor another Molotov-ribbentroppact worsenedrelations…’unholyalliance’ +incorporationof easternpoland,balticstatesandbessarabiawasviewedasexpansionist andunjust Rationalefor cooperationduringWW2: WesternPOV1. Kill Germany. Power vacuumwouldbediscussedlater, but kill germanyfirst andforemost2. USSRwasn’t viewedasexpansionist after abolitionof Cominternin1943+RooseveltrecognisedStalin’ssecurityinterestsaslegitimateandbelievedthat cooperationinthisregardwouldpersuadeUSSRtowithholdsupport for commiemovementselsewhere3. Economics. MoneytobemadefrompotentiallyeconomicallyravagedUSSR→exportmarket for bothcountriesRationalefor cooperationduringWW2: USSR1. Neededreinforcementstosupport thewar against Germany. Nov‘41Lend-leaseagreement →USmilitaryaidtoUSSRat nocost2. AlsobelievedfriendshipwithUSAwaspossibledespiteMarxist-Leninist thought,percentagesagreement further encouragedStalin(Searchuphowinfluencewassplitup) But fundamentally, it wasonlyamarriageof convenienceduetocommonenemyGermany Onereasonfor mutual distrust evenduringthewar.1. Stalinwantedthewest toopenupasecondfront inFrancetoput morepressureonGermany→but theUKandUSdidnot until Normandy(June‘44). PartlybecauseofBritishinsistencetostrikeItalyandAfricafirst (soft whiteunderbelly) 2. **Causesfor theemergenceof tensionsbetweentheUSAandUSSR**Onereasonfor mutual distrust evenduringthewar.

1. Stalinwantedthewest toopenupasecondfront inFrancetoput morepressureonGermany→but theUKandUSdidnot until Normandy(June‘44). PartlybecauseofBritishinsistencetostrikeItalyandAfricafirst (soft whiteunderbelly)2. It madeStalinbelievethat theWest wantedtoprolongthewar betweenGermanyandtheUSSR, sothat theywoulddestroyeachother intheprocess3. 3. **Manifestationsof emergingtensions:**3.0: Tehranconference, Nov1943(NOT- not actuallyasignof tensions. Actuallyasignofconsensus)Withrespect toPoland, interestsof all partiesweresecured1. UKwent towar tohelpPoland→USSRagreedthat eventhoughit wouldannexEasternPolishterritoryasper itssecurityinterests, it wouldstill not forcecommunism2. USA- samedeal →Wantedtopromotedemocracy→Thought that USSRwouldremainongoodstermwithUSA3. Recognitionof securityinterests+Noconfederationof central EUor BalkanstateswhosegoalsunderminedSoviet securityinterestswereallowed 3.01: MoscowConference(Just betweenChurchill andStalin), 1944- USSRwantedcontrol over formerlyPolishterritories, andannexedtheBaltics,KonigsbergandBessarabiainlinewithretakingformer RussianEmpireterritories.Sought tomakeother EasternEuropeanstatessatellitestateswhowo