NJC_2025_JC2_H2_History_Prelim_P2_QP

1 NATIONAL JUNIOR COLLEGE SENIOR HIGH 2 PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION Higher 2 HISTORY 9174/02 Paper 2 Developments in Southeast Asia (Independence–2000) 16 Sept 2025 Additional Materials: Answer Booklet 3 hours READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST An answer booklet will be provided with this question paper. You should follow the instructions on the front cover of the answer booklet. If you need additional answer paper, ask the invigilator for a continuation booklet. Section A Answer Question 1. Section B Answer two questions. The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question. This question paper consists of 5 printed pages and 3 blank pages. H

2 SECTION A You must answer Question 1. THE ENLARGEMENT OF ASEAN 1 Read the sources and answer the questions which follow. Source A Despite misgivings in some countries over Myanmar’s entry into ASEAN, its inclusion, simultaneous with Cambodia and Laos, will benefit the group. As Vietnam’s steady economic reforms have shown, Myanmar’s hunger for imports and capital to rebuild its run -down infrastructure holds vast potential for the region’s manufacturers and investors. But ASEAN is also about human decency. On its record of political persecution and denying the results of a free election in 1990, the military junta brings disrepute to ASEAN’s fair name. But the US, in insisting that Myanmar be locked out for its human rights transgressions and narcotics trade, in fact stiffened ASEAN’s resolve. ASEAN is not being noble in wanting to guide Myanmar through help and persuasion; it is convinced that only this approach can work. What matters now is a careful monitoring if it is easier to influence a Myanmar which is inside rather than outside the fold. Extract of a commentary published in The Straits Times, 7 June 1997. Source B Singapore defended ASEAN’s decision to admit international pariah* Burma into their club, saying it would make the group stronger. “There [is] a common interest... to make ASEAN an important economic bloc and also one with political influence,” Singaporean Prime Minister Goh Chok Tong told a news conference. “We know that the US and Europe are unhappy with Myanmar's admission, but we have always taken a position that the internal situation of a country is that country's concern.'' Western countries led by the United States had put pressure on the group to deny membership to Burma because of its human rights record. [Goh] said ASEAN believed it was better to engage Burma in constructive dialogue so it could reform by looking at its neighbours. “We know that many people are unhappy with human right abuses in countries within ASEAN. But we want to work together, and we do things our way.'' Extract of a report from a British