EL P1 SectA Prac Ans

ANSWER KEY Editing Practices (Guided) Editing Exercise 1 Because there are no natural enemies of sharks, they have little reason to fear Error Type anything that they come in contact with on the water. As top of the food chain 1 in preposition – sharks live in water predators, they are naturally curious about anything that they ran into that they 2 run verb form – simple form for habitual action aren’t familiar with, and while they obviously have no hands to explore 3 because conjunction – introduces a cause/reason something with, the only way they can get a feel for the new object are to bite. 4 is SVA – ‘only way’ is singular While such a bite may not be intended to kill the target, sharks have incredible 5  word form – adjective to adverb, “incredible” describes the power, not the jaws powerful jaw which can make the bite deadly. Sharks do not attack a human with 6 jaws number – mouths have two jaws the express purpose of getting the easy meal. The digestive system of a shark 7 an article – meal is not specific works extremely slow, and it is difficult for sharks to digest the high ratio of human 8 slowly word form – adjective to adverb, ‘slow’ is describing the verb of ‘works’ bone that is contained within a person. They is also not worth the effort to try to 9 It pronoun – subject is referring to action, not person strip the flesh from the bones of a human ― it is too time consume and difficult to 10 consuming verb form – simple to continuous form – gerund of ‘consuming’ manoeuvre the prey with no way to hold it safe with the mouth.

Editing Exercise 2 A double-decker bus ended up on the wrong side of the road after its driver Error Type suffers a dizzy spell and drove against traffic along Yio Chu Kang Road towards 1 suffered tense - happened in the past Serangoon Central on the morning of 7 July. Many videos of the incident was 2 were SVA – ‘videos’ is plural circulated on social media, which showed the SBS Transit buses stationary in the 3 bus number – only 1 bus involved in accident middle lane and facing traffic. Its windscreen appeared badly damaged, though 4 and / while conjunction – both parts of sentence are about damage to bus its front bumper was scratched and broken. The green metal rod appeared to be 5 A article – green metal rod not mentioned before; capital letter required stuck in one of the cracks on the windscreen. The bus captain had suddenly felt 6 in  preposition – not on the surface, but in the material itself dizzy, causing the bus to veering from its path and end up on the other side of the 7 veer  verb form – to-infinitive rule road. The SCDF responded to the incident and dispatched an ambulance at the 8 to preposition – idea of sending it to a location scene. Since the incident, the bus captain was taken to the hospital in a 9 After conjunction – referring to time period immediately after incident; requires capital letter consciousness state and is currently undergoing tests. He had been certified fit to 10 conscious word form – noun to adjective; to describe the state

drive after his annual medical review last month. Editing Exercise 3 Helen Keller's improbable journey from being a frustrated deafblind child unable to Error Type communicate, to her exalted place in the world stage as the famous global citizen 1 on preposition – stage is a surface/platform she would become, is one of the greatest story of the 20th century. An illness at 2 stories number – ‘one of the [plural noun]’ rule 19 months of age leaves her deaf and blind. She had a difficult childhood due to 3 left SVA – ‘illness’ is singular her multiple disabilities, and her life turned around when she met Anne Sullivan, 4 but conjunction – main and sub-ordinating clauses are contrasting ideas her instructor and companion. Helen led a full life dedicate to tireless advocacy 5 dedicated verb form – using past participle as adjective and fearless activism that opened wide the doors of possible and hope for people 6 possibility word form – adjective to noun; doors of [noun] with disabilities. Therefore she was outspoken in her principles, she inspired 7 Because/As conjunction - introduces a cause/reason; requires capital letter changes in public attitudes about the capability of people with visual impairments. 8 capabilities number – many people = many capabilities As she pushed for revolutionary changes in a law, people with disabilities were 9 the article – law is referred to as a generic subject able to transit into mainstream education and employment. Helen Keller inspires 10 inspired tense – action is in the past; Helen Keller has passed away already future generations of people with disabilities to live life to the fullest.

Editing Exercise 4 Polar bears are the world’s largest land predators, and the most majestic Error Type creature of the Far North. But dramatic changes, caused by global warming, is 1 are SVA – ‘changes’ is the subject, not ‘global warming’ taking place in the Arctic, threatening the survival of these spectacular species. 2 this number – polar bear only, one species Global warming is melting the polar ice caps, robs the bears of the ice floes 3 robbing verb form – participial phrase, use of present participle they need to hunt preys. As the annual sea ice melts, polar bears are forced 4 prey number – singular and plural form of ‘prey’ is the same ashore to spend their summers fasting. Although the Arctic ice cap continues to 5 If conjunction – main clause states a condition; requires capital letter melt sooner and form lately, polar bears will become too thin to reproduce and 6 later word form – comparative form required to match ‘sooner’ they will become extinct by the end of this century. The polar bears’ homes – the 7 home number – ‘the Artic’ as a collective home of polar bears Arctic – was experiencing the effects of global warming more than any other 8 is SVA – ‘the Artic’ as a singular region place. Temperatures in the Arctic were rising at almost twice the rate of that of 9 are tense – temp rising is currently happening, see ‘is threatening’ in next line the rest of the world, and it is threatening to place the entire Arctic ecosystem at 10 in preposition – common expression “in jeopardy”

jeopardy. Editing Exercise 5 From a backyard summer camp for people with intellectual disabilities to a global Error Type movement, Special Olympics has been change lives and attitudes for more than 1 changing verb form – has been + [present participle verb/ ‘-ing form’] four decades. It all began in the early 1960s, where Eunice Kennedy Shriver saw 2 when preposition – not place but time; 1960s how unjustly and unfairly people with intellectual disabilities are treated. She 3 were tense – past tense; happened in 1960s also saw that many child with special needs did not even have a place to play. 4 children number – ‘many’; plural form needed She decided to take action. Soon, her vision began to take shape, as we held a 5 she pronoun – Eunice, a woman, held the camp summer camp for youth people with intellectual disabilities in her own backyard. 6 young word form – noun to adjective; describes ‘people’ The goal was to learn what this youngsters could do in sports ― and not dwell on 7 these pronoun – plural form needed; ‘youngsters’ what they could not do. This vision eventual grew into the global Special Olympics 8 eventually word form – adjective to adverb; describes action of ‘grew’ movement. The 1st International Special Olympics Summer Games were held in 9 was SVA – ‘Games’ sounds plural, but is actually a single event, so singular form needed Chicago, USA on July 1968. About a thousand intellectually disabled youths from 10 in preposition – month is a duration; ‘in’ required

USA and Canada competed in track and field and swimming. Editing Practices (Unguided) Editing Exercise 6 The Riding for the Disabled Association in Singapore provides therapeutic horse Error Typ