SNGS EL TYS 2023 P1 + P2

2023 O Level EL Papers 1 and 2 Suggested Answers (Discussed on 1 Nov 2023) Paper1 Editing S/N Circled Word Corrected Word 1 hotel hotels 2 √ 3 accommodatin g accommodates 4 √ 5 at of 6 access accessible 7 you they 8 fell falls 9 spectacularly spectacular 10 being be Paper 2 Section A S/N SuggestedAnswer QuestionType 1 √ The costs we don’t recognise Inf [1m] 2 Just like an iceberg which only reveals its tip above water but there is actually a large part of the iceberg submerged in the water which is not so easily visible [description of an iceberg], there are visible costs of global food production which are easily seen in food wastage, but there are many other costs not so visible underneath the surface (such as land erosion and increased water scarcity). The food wastage is only a small part of the larger costs of food production we do not see. Inf [1m] 3 It is ‘Of course what you do will make a difference!’ (because it must relate theaim of Text 1) Quote [1m] 4 4a) √ to encourage a change in behaviour Inf [1m] 4b) √ a campaign against global warming Inf [1m] Section B S/ N Suggested Answer Question Type 5 The ships had beendamaged because of rough/aggressive winds. OR Lang [1m]

The ships were moving slowly/impeded movement because ofdamagefromthe weather/astorm/badweather . 6 6a) The giraffes were treatedcarelessly/withoutcare/inaroughmanner , like objects, instead of living animals. DNA: cruelly/inhumane Inf [1m] 6b) The word is ‘colossal’. Quote [1m] 7 It emphasises/highlights hisshock/surprise finding out that the giraffe is still alive, whichhedidnotexpect. [effect on character portrayal] It is like apregnantpause/buildsanticipation/suspense indicating a surprising turn of events that thegiraffeisnotdeadafterall . [effect on readers] Lang Use [1m] 8 The writer thought they might shove him backwherehebelonged , because hecould beintheway . He thought he wasnot/wouldnotbeallowed to be there. He did not have the authority to be there. He was not a dock worker, so he thought he would not be allowed to be there. Inf [1m] 9 9a) The old man has come to the dock toescort/transport[why]thegiraffesonhis truck toCaliforniasafely . OR The old mancheckedontheirwell-being ; He was the only one who was able to communicate with the giraffes and the crew needed him to do so in order to assess the giraffe’s condition. OR He was there to ensure the survival of the giraffes with his skilled understanding of giraffes. Inf [1m] 9b) They were calmed/soothed by the Old Man. Inf [1m] 10 10a) The spell refers to the calmness/peace/mesmerising calmness. 10b) It emphasises theabrupt/suddenchange/jolt/diversion of the atmosphere from a calm to a more tense situation. OR It makes the readers feeltense as thecalmness was going to be/would soon be disrupted. OR It signals that thecalmmood at that time was about to/ going to becomemore tense/disrupted/chaos/hurried. Lang [1m] 11 Firstly, the dock workers ‘with crowbars started yanking at the crushed crate (around the tangled giraffe - not fast enough for me or the Old Man)’ suggests that they had to forcefullypullthegiraffeout of the smashed crate which had collapsed around her/ they had todelicatelyremove the giraffe from thesmashed crate/’not fast enough’ suggests that they were short of time/urgent/dire situation. Lang [2m]

Secondly, they were ‘(groaning as the crane heaved her upwards,) plunging their hands in to steady her’ suggests that the dock workers had to quicklyreachdown to hold the giraffe which wasunstableandheavy/theywereinanawkwardangletostabilisethe giraffe. DNA: ‘groaning as the crane heaved her upwards’ (this quote shows how difficult it is for the crane to hold the giraffe up, but not directly answering the question about the difficulty posed for dock workers.) 12 12a) The Zoo Doc thinks that the giraffecannotsurvivetwoweeksenrouteCalifornia . OR He wasconcerned/pessimistic thattwoweeksistoolong for the giraffes to travel in their current state. OR He wasskeptical of the giraffe’s survival as they had to travel two weeks to California. Direct [1m] 12b) The giraffe was able tostandonherown . Direct [1m] 13 Firstly, the writer was desperate for amiracle as he feels that he would ‘need one [himself]’ which suggests that he wassodeepinhisworries/troubles he was hoping for a wonderful solution to his problem, therefore, he sees the female giraffe’s survival as asign/goodomen that he will soon be receiving a miracle and decided to follow the giraffes. Secondly, the writer revealed that he wasanxiousaboutthetroublesinhislife as he has ‘problems of [his] own life’ OR ‘worries about [his] future’ which ‘loomed larger and larger’, which suggests that his current state holds many issues that he would have to deal with, therefore leaving for California can be agoodescape/solution . Thirdly, the writer thinks thatCaliforniaholdsgreatpromise or seems to hold a more optimistic outlook/opportunities as he thinks he can ‘find [his] way there’ and ‘live like a king’, so he would be able tolivemorecomfortablyinCalifornia (probably with a lower cost of living). OR The writer found certainty to follow the giraffes to California as he thinks it is not likely that ‘anybody [can] lose their way following a couple of giraffes’. When he ‘started to run’, he seemed to find a convenient way to get to California by hopping on the truck or following the truck. Inf/Lang [3m] 14 (i) fascination (‘I don’t remember going closer’) (ii) anxiety (‘My fears increased as she began to quiver’) (iii) relief (I reckoned that was good news.) (iv) optimism (How could anybody lose their way following a couple of giraffes? Now I knew what to do next.’) Evaluative [4m] 15 15a) They go to(outer)space/outsideofEarth’satmosphere . Direct [1m]

15b) They areexotic/cannotbereplicatedonearth because theMarinerValleyon MarsisunbelievablylongandJupiteroffersbeyond-hurricane-forcestorms. Inf? Direct [1m] 16 16i) ‘wide variety of perceived problems and complaints’ Quote [1m] 16ii) ‘usual response is to whine (about the quality of the food or lack of leg room)’Quote [1m] 17 From the passage: ‘Theoretically, elevators wouldsubstantiallyreducethepower required to leave Earth’s gravity, which would in turn have apositiveimpactonthe price.’ IYOW: Space ‘elevators’ wouldsignificantlycutdowntheenergy needed to defy gravity to travel into space, therebymakingspacetravelcheaper/loweringthecostof spacetravel . IYOW [2m] 18 The writer means space travel willexacerbate/makeevenmoreserious/worsethe complaints/fussinessoftourists , as the limited infrastructure/facilities and conditions in space will inevitably cause discomfort/inconvenience/frustrations. Inf/Direct? [1m] 19 19a) Billionaires invest in space travel, hoping for alargereturn . Direct [1m] 19bi) Space tourism willheavilyboosttheworld’seconomy . Direct [1m] 19bii) As technologies for space tourism becomemorepopular , it will soon bewithin reachofordinarypeople . Direct [1m] 20 Summary: (i) What are the issues space tourists will complain about whiletheyaretravelling ? (ii) What are the issues space tourists will complain about attheirholidaydestination ? One issue that tourists in space will complain about is… S/N From the Passage: IYOW: Issues space tourists will complain aboutwhiletheyaretravelling 1 ‘weight allowances for space tourists will be even more tightly controlled’ (lines 21-22) the restrictions on their/limited luggageweight . 2 ‘one moving as fast as a high-speed train would take five days to reach a spacecraft in geosynchronous orbit – too long for comfort’ (lines 26-27) Even if an ‘elevator’ is built and space tourists take high-speed trains, they will need toendurefivedays and soreness/unpleasantness. 3 ‘add-ons’ ‘find themselves paying extra for gravity on the journey, or for a private supply of oxygen’ (lines 31-32) Space tourists also would complain aboutpayingadditionalcosts for gravity or oxygen. 4 ‘after countless hours in a cramped metal tube crossing the vast void of interplanetary spa