TJC_2020_H1_Prelims

Temasek Junior College 2020 8821/01/S/2020 [Turn over TEMASEK JUNIOR COLLEGE JC2 Preliminary Examinations HIGHER 1 HISTORY 8821/01 The Cold War and the Modern World (1945-2000) 2 September 2020 3 Hours No additional Materials are required. READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST An answer booklet will be provided with this question paper. You should follow the instructions on the front cover of the answer booklet. If you need additional answer paper ask the invigilator for a continuation booklet. Section A Answer Question 1. Section B Answer two questions. The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question. This question paper consists of 5 printed pages and 3 blank pages.

2 Temasek Junior College 2020 8821/01/S/2020 Section A You must answer Question 1. THE CUBAN MISSILE CRISIS 1 Read the sources and then answer the questions which follow. Source A Our national community has understood what the revolution is, and has understood clearly what the meaning of a revolution is in which a nation gets rid of parasites from the outside and those inside. Just before the U.S. factories were nationalized, some asked: Was not this factory a Cuban factory? Why should a Cuban factory be nationalized? Well, such a factory did not belong to the people, it belonged to some man. Now they belong to the nation. The U.S. Government says that a socialist regime here threatens U.S. security. But what threatens the security of the North American people is the aggressive policy of the warmongers of the United States. The one who is threatening the security of the United States is Kennedy, with that aggressive policy. That aggressive policy can give rise to a world war; and that world war can cost the lives of tens of millions of North Americans. Therefore, the one who threatens the security of the United States is not the Cuban Revolutionary Government but the aggressor and aggressive government of the United States. Excerpted from Castro’s May Day speech given on 1st May 1961. Source B While the crisis is historically the ‘Cuban’ crisis, Cuba was perhaps a subsidiary consideration for Khrushchev, as Castro later noted – ruefully – in conversation with Soviet emissary Anatas Mikoyan: ‘Besides serving the interests of Cuba, they served the interests of the socialist camp as a whole, and we evidently agreed with that.’ Of course, the defence of Cuba by deterrence remained a part of the equation. Nevertheless, Khrushchev had no intention of using his missiles, and looked anxious rather than dangerous. The outline of a settlement between Khrushchev and Kennedy was hammered out within days. Castro, ignored during these Soviet-American exchanges and furious, commented that while Khrushchev had extracted a no-invasion pledg