2013 YJC H2 Geography P2 QP

YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YSIHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YSIHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YSIHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YSIHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YSIHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YSIHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE YISHUN JUNIOR COLLEGE JC2 PRELIMINARY EXAMINATIONS 2013 H2 GEOGRAPHY 9730/02 PAPER 2 HUMAN GEOGRAPHY 29 AUGUST 2013, THURSDAY 3 HOURS Additional materials: Answer Paper 1 Insert World outline map READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Write your name and CTG on all the work you hand in. Write in dark blue or black pen on both sides of the paper. You may use a soft pencil for any diagrams, graphs or rough working. Do not use highlighters or correction fluid. Section A Answer all questions. Section B Answer two questions, each from a different topic. The Insert contains all the Figures and the Photographs referred to in the questions. Diagrams and sketch maps should be drawn whenever they serve to illustrate an answer. The world outline map may be annotated and handed in with the relevant answers. You are reminded of the need for good English and clear presentation in your answers. At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together. The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question. This document consists of 4 printed pages and 1 Insert.

2 SECTION A Answer all questions in this section. Questions 1, 2 and 3 carry 12 marks and Question 14 carries 14 marks. You should allocate your time accordingly. The Globalisation of Economic Activity 1 Fig. 1A shows the Human Development Index (HDI) for selected countries in 2010. Fig. 1B shows the Human Development Index for the most improved and least improved countries from 1980 to 2010. (a) Compare the positions of Ethiopia and Japan in Fig. 1A. [2] (b) Using Figs. 1A and 1B, explain why the HDI is a good indicator of development. [6] (c) Suggest how good governance in countries can contribute to narrowing the development gap in the global economy. [4] Population Issues and Challenges 2 Table 1 shows the number of births per 1,000 women and changes in fertility rates in Nepal for 1976, 1996 and 2006. Table 2 shows the percentage of currently married women aged 15 -49 years using a contraceptive method in Nepal in 1996, 2001 and 2006. Fig. 2 shows total fertility rate by education level in Nepal in 2001 and 2006. (a) Define the term ‘Total Fertility Rate’. [1] (b) With reference to Table 1, describe the changes in fertility in Nepal between 1976 and 2006. [3] (c) Account for the changes described in (b). [4] (d) Suggest and explain what other information would be required to provide a better understanding of fertility in Nepal. [4]

3 Urban Issues and Challenges 3 Table 3 shows total, rural and urban populations by development group for the same period. Table 4 shows percentage urban and urbanisation rate by major area for selected period, 1950 to 2050. (a) With reference to Tables 3 and 4, describe the urbanisation trends between 1950 and 2050. [4] (b) Account for the trends described in (a). [4] (c) Suggest possible problems associated with rapid urbanisation rates in less developed countries. [4] The Globalisation of Economic Activity, Population Issues and Challenges and Urban Issues and Challenges 4 Figure 3 shows migration flows into and within the United States of America (USA) from 1980 to 2010. (a) (i) Using Fig. 3, describe the migration trends into and within the USA. [4] (ii) Give reasons for the occurrence of counter-urbanisation in the USA. [5] (b) Explain the migration gain experienced in the South. [5] Section B Answer two questions, each from a different topic. All questions carry 25 marks. The Globalisation of Economic Activity 5 EITHER (a) Using examples, describe the impact of new technologies on work. [9] (b) “The lure of low-cost labour is what drives the New International Division of Labour (NIDL)”. Discuss. [16] 5 OR (a) With reference to at least one case study, describe the characteristics of Transnational Corporations (TNCs). [9] (b) “A country’s position in the global economy is only determined by the level of good governance”. Discuss. [16]

4 Population Issues and Challenges 6 EITHER (a) Explain the Malthusian theory and its relevance today. [9] (b) “We asked for workers, and we got people.” (Max Frisch, Swiss playwright and novelist) With reference to examples, assess the extent to which migration is detrimental to receiving countries. [16] 6 OR (a) Explain the social and economic impacts of an ageing population structure. [9] (b) To what extent have governments been effective in regulating population growth? [16] Urban Issues and Challenges 7 EITHER (a) Distinguish between world cities and primate cities. [9] (b) With reference to specific examples, assess the effectiveness of different strategies to housing problems in urban areas. [16] 7 OR (a) With reference to examples, explain the factors affecting urban structures. [9] (b) To what extent is the Bid -rent theory useful in explaining urban zoning in present-day cities? [16]