2013 MI H2 Geography P2

2013 Preliminary Examination 2 Pre-university 3 GEOGRAPHY (Higher 2) 9730/02 Paper 2 Human Geography 25 September 2013 3 hours Additional Materials: Answer Paper 1 Insert READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Write your name, admission number and class on all the work you hand in. Write in dark blue or black pen on both sides of the paper. You may use a soft pencil for any diagrams, graphs, or rough working. Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid. Section A Answer all questions. Section B Answer two questions, one from each topic. Insert contains all the Table and Figures referred to in the question paper. Diagrams and sketch maps should be drawn whenever they serve to illustrate an answer. You are reminded of the need for good English and clear presentation in your answers. Start a new question on a new page. At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together. The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question. ___________________________________________________________________ This document consists of 5 printed pages and 1 Insert. [Turn over Candidate Name: ______________________ Class: Adm No.

2 Section A Answer all questions in this section. Questions 1, 2 and 3 carry 12 marks and Question 4 carries 14 marks. You should allocate your time accordingly. Globalisation of Economic Activity 1 Fig. 1 shows the changing composition of employment in the United Kingdom (UK) between 1978 and 1998. (a) State the biggest source of employm ent in the UK in 1978 and 1998 respectively. [1] (b) Describe the changes in employment in the service and manufacturing sectors in the UK between 1978 and 1998. [3] (c) Account for the changes that you have described in part (b). [4] (d) Describe how you will conduct a small scale investigati study to look at the changing economic activities of Singapore between 1978 and 1998. [4] Population Issues and Challenges 2 Fig. 2 shows use of contraceptives in the world in 2003. (a) Describe the use of contraceptives worldwide. [2] (b) Account for the trends you have identified in part (b) [4] (c) Briefly assess the success of anti- natal policies in the developing countries. [6]

3 Urban Issues and Challenges 3 Fig. 3 shows the extent of urban issues associated with cities of different levels of economic development. (a) Compare the extent of the urban i ssues between any 2 cities of Less Developed Countries (LDCs). [3] (b) Explain the possible reasons for the relative high need for re-imaging in high income cities. [3] (c) Briefly discuss the extent in whic h you would agree that the traffic congestion in both cities of DC s and LDCs are due to inadequate supply of roads. [6] The Globalisation of Economic Activity and Urban Issues and Challenges 4 Fig. 4A shows the population change of Liverpool in United Kingdom from 1700 to 2004. Figure 4B shows the strategi es in which Liverpool has taken to re-image its city. (a) Briefly explain the term ‘New International Division of Labour’ (NIDL). [2] (b) Using Figure 4A, explain how NIDL have resulted in the population decline in Liverpool. [4] (c) Explain the difference between t he terms ‘re-urbanisation’ and ‘gentrification’. [2] (d) Using Figure 4B, discuss how Liver pool’s re-imaging strategies might have led to both re-urbanisation and gentrification to occur. [6]

4 Section B Answer two questions, each from a different topic. All questions carry 25 marks. Globalisation of Economic Activity 5 Either (a) Using examples, discuss the impacts of Transnational Corporations (TNCs) on host economies. [9] (b) To what extent are supranational inst itutions responsible for perpetuating economic inequalities on a global scale? [16] 5 Or (a) How has globalisation resulted in t he rise of Newly Industrialising Economies (NIEs)? [9] (b) To what extent do you agree that governments are the major players in attracting foreign direct investment into their economies. [16] Population Issues and Challenges 6 Either (a) Discuss the benefits and limitations of the Demographic Transition Theory (DTT)? [9] (b) “The destination of migrants will experience greater impact than the source area.” How far do you agree with this statement? [16] 6 Or (a) Describe and account for the differ ences in fertility between Less Developed Countries and Developed Countries. [9] (b) Assess the social and economic cons equences for families and for the state when most couples have only one or two children. [16]

5 Urban Issues and Challenges 7 Either (a) Outline and explain the growth of mega-cities in Less Developed Countries. [9] (b) Critically evaluate the extent to which various housing strategies can be used to alleviate housing issues in the Developed Countries. [16] 7 Or (a) With the aid of relevant diagrams, explain the processes of urbanisation in Developed Countries. [9] (b) Discuss the extent to which the Bid Rent Theory (BRT) is the only possible explanation for the functional zoning of urban areas. [16] Copyright Acknowledgements: Question 1 Fig. 1 © Geofile ‘Changing employment patterns in the UK: A Decision- making Exercise’, no. 403 April 2001. Question 2 Fig. 2 © Geofile Question 3 Fig. 3 © CJC 2012 H1 Prelim Question 4 Fig. 4A & Fig. 4B © Geofile ‘Redevelopment of an inner city area – Liverpool’, no. 506 September 2004.