SAJC Prelim JC2 H1Geo QUESTION SAJC

ST ANDREW’S JUNIOR COLLEGE PRELIMINARY EXAMINATIONS 2008 GEOGRAPHY 8812/01 Higher 1 Thursday 28 August 2008 3 hours Additional Materials: Insert Writing Paper World Outline Map READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Write your name, class, and index number on all the work you hand in. Write in dark blue or black pen. You may use a soft pencil for any diagrams, graphs, or rough working. Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid. Section A Answer all questions. Section B Answer one question in this section. Section C Answer one question in this section. At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together. The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question. The Insert contains all the Figures referred to in the question paper. Diagrams and sketch maps should be drawn whenever they serve to illustrate an answer. The world outline map may be annotated and handed in with relevant answers. You are reminded of the need for good English and clear presentation in your answers. This paper consists of 5 printed pages and 1 blank page. [Turn Over]

8812/01 2 Section A Answer all the questions in this section. Questions 1, 2, and 3 carry 12 marks and Question 4 carries 14 marks. You should allocate your time accordingly. Lithospheric Processes, Hazards and Management 1 Fig. 1 shows the different volcanic eruptions related to magma type and associated mode of gas expansion. a) Identify the plate boundary associated with each type of volcanic eruption shown in Fig. 1. [4] b) Account for the different nature of volcanic eruptions shown in Fig. 1. [6] c) Explain how you would draw up a hazard map of an earthquake-prone region, identifying the areas of high and low risks. [2] The Globalisation of Economic Activity 2 Fig. 2 depicts a process in the developed countries. a) Briefly describe what Fig. 2 is trying to depict. [ 2] b) Explain how the use of new technology can account for the process shown in Fig. 2. [4 ] c) Compare the processes of ‘deindustrialization’ and ‘reindustrialization’. [2] d) With reference to examples, describe how reindustrialization can take place. [4] Hydrologic Processes, Hazards and Management 3 Figs 3A and 3B are two drainage basins of approximately the same area. a) From Figs 3A and 3B, state which drainage basin (i) has a greater discharge at the gauging station (ii) will record a flood first at the gauging station if similar storms hit both basins at the same time, (iii) has a higher stream order, (iv) has a higher bifurcation ratio (show your working). [5] b) Explain the reasons for your answer to (a)(iii) [2] c) What factors might cause a drainage basin such as B to have a higher drainage density than one such as A? [5]

8812/01 3 Lithospheric and Hydrologic Processes, Hazards and Management 4 Fig. 4A shows some landforms found in limestone (karst) regions. a) Describe the formation of two of the landforms labelled in the figure. [6] b) Explain how and why the hydrological cycle for a limestone region would be different from that of granite. [8]

8812/01 4 Section B Physical Geography Answer one question in this section Lithospheric Processes, Hazards and Management 5 Either a) Discuss the differences between igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic rocks. [9] b) “Rock structure may not be the most significant factor affecting weathering but it is plays an important role”. Discuss. [16] 5 Or a) Distinguish between the Richter Scale and the Mercalli Scale. [9] b) Discuss the effects of mass movement and assess to what extent these effects can be mitigated. Illustrate your answer with an example or examples. [16] Hydrologic Processes, Hazards and Management 6 Either a) Differentiate between river capacity and river competence and with the aid of a diagram, describe how rivers transport their load. [9] b) To what extent is the discharge of a river dependent on climate? [16] 6 Or a) Discuss the natural and anthropogenic causes of floods. [9] b) With reference to examples, discuss how catchment management schemes can reduce the risk of flooding but can also create problems and conflicts of interests. [16]

8812/01 5 Section C Human Geography Answer one question in this section The Globalisation of Economic Activity 7 Either a) Discuss why and how the state encourages domestic investments. [9] b) “Financial aid from supranational bodies is the sole factor for economic success.” Discuss. [16] 7 Or a) Describe the usefulness of indicators of economic development. [9] b) To what extent do you agree that the globalization of economic activity has led to wider disparities between the less developed economies and the developed economies? [16]

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