CJC_Intl Hist Prelims 2008

CATHOLIC JUNIOR COLLEGE JC2 PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION 2008 8814/01 9731/01 28 August 2008 HISTORY 3 hours Paper 1 International History, 1945-2000 . No additional materials are required. READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Write your name and home tutorial group on all the work you hand in. Write in dark blue or black pen on both sides of the paper. Section A Answer Question 1. Section B Answer any three questions. At the end of the examination, submit Section A separately from Section B. All questions in this paper carry equal marks. This paper consists of 4 printed pages. © CJC 2008

This paper consists of 4 printed pages. © CJC 2008 Section A You must answer Question 1. THE UNITED NATIONS AND ARMS CONTROL 1 Read the sources and then answer the question. SOURCE A The United Nations role in disarmament, rather than decreasing, is going to increase despite the end of the cold war. Of course, we don't foresee a global nuclear confrontation. That possibility has definitely decreased. Moreover, in the last four or five years, we have seen the conclusion of the CTBT (Comprehensive Nuclear Test-Ban Treaty), the indefinite extension of the NPT (Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty), as well as the conclusion of the CWC (Chemical Weapons Convention). But all these treaties related to weapons of mass destruction, including the Biological Weapons Convention, assign the United Nations specific roles in cases of serious non-compliance. It was already decided at the 1992 Security Council Summit that a serious violation of the NPT may be brought to the attention of the Council. And the CTBT and the CWC both have similar provisions. Of course, they have to try to settle the problems of compliance first within their respective organizations; but if a serious issue develops which those organizations can't handle, then it will have to be brought before the United Nations. Ambassador Mitsuro Donowaki of Japan, Chairman of the UN Secretary-General's Advisory Board on Disarmament Matters, in an interview with the UN Chronicle, 1997. SOURCE B One Hundred Sixth Congress of the United States of America AT THE FIRST SESSION Begun and held at the City of Washington on Wednesday, the sixth day of January, one thousand nine hundred and ninety-nine. An Act to declare it to be the policy of the United States to deploy a national missile defense Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled,. SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. This Act may be cited as the `National Missile Defense Act of 1999'. SECTION 2. NATIONAL MISSILE DEFENSE POLICY It is the policy of the United States to deploy as soon as is technologically possible an effective National Missile Defense system capable of defe