Deyi Elective History Prelims 2024 MS

2261/02 Prelims 2024 4E History Elective MS Deyi Secondary School MARKING SCHEME 1 (a) Study Source A. Are you surprised by what the source says? Explain your answer. [6] L1: Undeveloped provenance e.g. I am surprised as it is produced by “Veterans of Peace” to offer another perspective on Korean war 1 L2: Surprised / Not Surprised for what it tells about the Korean War Award 2 marks for one aspect [surprised OR not surprised] and 3 marks for both aspects [i.e. surprised AND not surprised] OR more developed answers. e.g. I am surprised as it is actually different from the common American understanding/ narrative/ perspective of the Korean war by pointing out that it was the Americans who initiated the Korean War as US wanted to establish a democratic South Korea. This can be seen from the source which shows “The truth is that the Korean War really started in 1945 when the U.S. suppressed the KPR government and imposed its military rule in the southern part of Korea.” I am surprised as the changed narrative came from an American himself. 2-3 L3: Answers which attempt to evaluate what is said by cross-reference to other sources or contextual knowledge Award 4 marks for an explanation and 5 marks for more developed answers e.g. I am surprised as I feel that US would not have wanted to initiate the Korean War as based on my contextual knowledge, I know that that the Americans were initially not interested in the affairs of Korea. This can be seen from the fact that Korea was not part of the American defensive perimeter. (4m) US have even started withdrawing the tr oops from Korean from 1949 onwards. This is a clear indication that they were reluctant to be too involved in the war, much less initiate it. (5m) 4-5 L4: Answers which evaluate the source as in L3 but argue that you are not surprised based on the purpose in context e.g. Upon closer examination of the provenance, I am not surprised by the source as Source A is written by Veterans for Peace which is likely to advocate for peace and show a biased perspective of the Korean War. As a member of Veteran for pe ace, it is likely that the author’s purpose is to show how fighting in a war was unnecessary so as to discourage the American public from supporting future government’s decision to get itself involved in a distant place like Korea. As I can explain and understand the purpose of the source, I am not surprised. 6 O Preliminary Examination 2024 Secondary 4 Express

2261/02 Prelims 2024 4E History Elective MS 1 (b) Study Source B. Why was this cartoon published in June 1950? Explain your answer. [5] L1: Sub-message i.e., about the Korean War e.g. It is to show that North Korea was invaded 1 L2: Specific context of June 1950 i.e. because of the immediate aftermath of the invasion on 25 June 1950 e.g. It is to show how the North was trying to justify their invasion in June 1950 2 L3: Main message i.e. to mock the North Koreans e.g It was published to mock/ ridicule the North Koreans for attempting to falsify the narrative. The cartoon shows how the North Korean military leader explaining to the very confused Korean man how the South was the one who invaded the North first. The map he was making reference to is obviously upside down, showing how inaccurate his account was. 3-4 L4: Reason based on purpose i.e. because of what the cartoonist wanted the readers to feel e.g. By doing so, the American cartoonist wanted to stir hatred and anger towards the North Koreans and support the American government in helping to defend and protect the South Koreans. 5 1 (c) Study Sources C and D. Does Source D prove Source C wrong? Explain your answer. [6] L1: Answers based on undeveloped provenance e.g. Of course it does not prove Source C wrong. One is a speech by the American President and the other is a North Korean author. Both would naturally disagree with each other as they are at the opposing sides of the war. 1 L2: They agree, so Source D does not prove Source C wrong 2

2261/02 Prelims 2024 4E History Elective MS e.g. No, D does not prove C wrong as they agree that the Americans were involved militarily in the Korean war. Thus, as they both agree on US involvement, Source D does not prove Source C wrong. In source C, the line “the challenge has been presented. We must meet it squarely.” Indicate the US readiness to be involved in the war. Similarly, in Source D, the sources states that “US imperialists, who harboured the wild dream of dominating the world with Korea as a springboard” paints a picture of American intention to be involved in the Korean war so that they could further expand in other parts of the world. Thus, both sources show the US having a role to play in the war. L3: They disagree, so Source D does prove Source C wrong e.g. Yes, Source D proves that Source C is wrong as they disagree on who are the ones to be blamed for the Korean war. Truman blamed the Communists for the attack while Source D blamed the US for causing the war. President Truman in Source C blamed the “Communists forces for attacking Republic of Korea.” This implies that he pointed to the North Koreans and the USSR for starting the conflict. Source D, on the other hand, blames the Americans for their imperialist ambitions that caused the war in Korea to break out. 3 L4: Both aspects of L2 and L3 4 L5: Identifies the disagreement, but uses cross-reference to decide which source is wrong. e.g. Obviously the sources disagree. Source C blamed the Communists & painted a picture of how the Communists needed to be stopped from further expansion while Source D blamed the American calling them imperialists who wanted to take over Korea. Source D is supported by Source A which also indicated that the Americans were the main cause of the Korean War. Source A stated that the Korean war originated in 1945 when US “suppressed the KPR government and imposed its military rule in the southern part of Korea.” This shows that they promoted the violence by supporting the cruel South Korean regime. As Source D is supported by Source A, it therefore proves that Source C is wrong. 5 L6: Identifies the disagreement but uses evaluation of the author’s purpose to decide which is wrong (Either or both source(s) can be evaluated) e.g. In the final analysis, Source D could not prove Source C wrong as both sources are produced with a clear agenda in mind to win the support of the people in the respective countries. As such, the sources are both are highly subjective and bias to their own narratives. Even though for instance, Source D was published in 1993, but true to the national interest of the North Koreans, the narrative where the Americans were portrayed as the villains would be more acceptable. 6 1 (d) Study Source E. What does this source show you about the reason for US intervention in Korea? [5] L1: Describes the source. 1

2261/02 Prelims 2024 4E History Elective MS L2: Answers which misinterpret the source or does not address the reason for intervention. e.g. It tells me that US is the protector of South Korea. 2 L3: Answers based on details of the source which are not explained. e.g. It tells me that if America were to back away from the challenge posed by North Korea, their reputation will be affected badly. 3 L4: Answers which show reason for intervention and explain the main message. (Award 4 marks for one element of the main message, and 5 marks for two elements of the main message.) e.g. It tells me that the reason for US intervention in Korea is mainly to appear strong and to protect their reputation as the “protector of South Korea”. According to Mr Acheson, the US perceive the North invasion of the South as a challenge which they n eed to take on. (4m) Thus to keep up an image as the defender of