Victoria School VS HSS 2024 S3 EOY

This paper consists of 5 printed pages, including the cover page. [Turn over Class Register Number Name HUMANITIES (HISTORY) (2261/02) 24/S3EYE/HI THURSDAY 26 SEPTEMBER 2024 1 hour 50 minutes VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHO OL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICT ORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHO OL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICT ORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHO OL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICT ORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHO OL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL VICT ORIA SCHOOL VICTORIA SCHOOL END OF YEAR EXAMINATION SECONDARY THREE Additional Material: Writing Paper READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Write your name, class and register number on all the work you hand in. Write in dark blue or black pen. Do not use paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid. Section A: Answer all parts of Question 1. Section B: Answer all questions. Begin each question on a fresh page. At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together. The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question. The total number of marks for this paper is 50. Setter(s): Ms Chua Wai Yi, Mrs Janice Chua, Ms Natasha Wong, Mr Leonard Lu

@VICTORIA SCHOOL 24/S3EYE/HI 2 Section A: Source-Based Case Study Question 1 is compulsory for all candidates. Study the Background Information and the sources carefully, and then answer all the questions. You may use any of the sources to help you answer the questions, in addition to those you are told to use. In answering the questions, you should use your knowledge of the topic to help you interpret and evaluate the sources. 1 (a) Study Source A. What is the message of this source? Explain your answer using details from the source. [5] (b) Study Source B. How useful is Source B for a historian to understand why Stalin signed the Nazi- Soviet Pact? Explain your answer. [6] (c) Study Sources C and D. How far does Source C make you surprised about Source D? Explain your answer. [7] (d) Study Source E. Why did Khruschev make this speech? Explain your answer. [6] (e) Study Source F. Does Source F prove that Stalin was unprepared when Hitler broke the Nazi- Soviet Pact? Explain your answer. [6]

3 @VICTORIA SCHOOL 24/S3EYE/HI Was Stalin right to sign the Nazi-Soviet Pact with Germany? Read this carefully. It may help you to answer some of the questions. Stalin had known all along that Hitler’s ultimate aim was to attack the Soviet Union from Hitler’s policy of ‘ Looking East ’. He then invited Britain to discuss an alliance against Germany. However, the British were suspicious of Stalin. During the talks, the Soviets asked if they could send troops into Poland if Hitler invaded. The British refused and the talks broke down. In August 1939, Hitler then sent Ribbentrop, a senior Nazi, to Russia offering a Nazi-Soviet alliance. Stalin made the choice of an alliance with Germany instead of the British. This led to the signing of the Nazi-Soviet Pact on 23 Aug ust 1939. The Pact ended when Hitler invaded the Soviet Union on 22 June 1941 in Operation Barbarossa. Did Stalin make the right decision to sign the Nazi-Soviet Pact with Germany? Source A: An American cartoonist on the Nazi-Soviet Pact published in 1939, titled ‘Little Goldilocks Riding Hood’. BACKGROUND INFORMATION

@VICTORIA SCHOOL 24/S3EYE/HI 4 Source B: A extract on the reactions of British politician Winston Churchill and British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain to the Nazi-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact in 1939. Churchill made the first of his famous wartime speeches on 1 October 1939. This was the occasion where he referred to Russia as “a riddle wrapped in a mystery inside an enigma.” He spoke of the Soviet occupation of eastern Poland as the result of “a cold poli cy of self- interest.” Chamberlain agreed with Churchill. He said “I believe Russia will always act as she thinks her own interests demand, and I cannot believe she would think her interests served by a German victory followed by a German domination of Europe.” Source C: An extract from Mein Kampf, an autobiography written by Hitler in 1925. Russia is not a possible ally in the struggle for German liberty. A Russo -German coalition waging war against Western Europe would be catastrophic. In the event Germany and Russia together should wage war against Western Europe, the struggle would have to be fought on German territory and Russia would have to overthrow Poland which is situated betw een Germany and Russia. To these considerations, the following must be added: Those who are in power in Russia have no idea of an honourable alliance. It must never be forgotten that the present rulers of Russia have ruled with such a savage tyranny. How can we teach the German worker that Bolshevism is an infamous crime against humanity if we ally ourselves with USSR and recognize its existence as legitimate. Source D: From the terms of the Nazi-Soviet Pact signed by USSR and Germany on 23 August 1939. Article I. Both Parties are required to stop any act of violence, any aggres sive action, and any attack on each other, either individually or jointly with other Powers. Secret additional term Article II. In the event of a territorial rearrangement of the Polish state, the spheres of influence of Germany and the USSR shall be divided approximately by the line of the rivers Narev, Vistula and San. Source E: An e xtract of a speech from Nikita Khrushchev to the Soviet Congress of leaders on 24 February 1956. Khrushchev succeeded Stalin who had been popular. Despite many warnings, the necessary steps were not taken to prevent USSR fro m being caught unaware when Hitler invaded USSR. We had the time and the capabil ity. Had our industry been mobilised in time to supply the Army with the necessary materi al, our wartime losses would have been smaller. In fact, Moscow had issued an order that German fi re was not to be returned. Why? It was because Stalin, despite the self-evident facts, thought that the war had not yet started, that this was only a provocative action on the part of some undisciplined sections of the German Army. After our severe initial disasters, Stalin had thought that it was the end. After this, Stalin for a long time actual ly did not direct military operations and ceased to do anything whatsoever.

@VICTORIA SCHOOL 24/S3EYE/HI 5 Source F: From declassified documents published in 2011 by the Russian Foreign Intelligence Service in the 70 th year anniversary of World War II about the intelligence data reported to Stalin . In those days, our most important agent from the Russian Foreign Intelligence Service had reported that "all preparations for the invasion are complete and the German ar my is in a waiting mode. The war may begin on June 21 or 22, but not later." Other urgent reports clearly named the exact date of the war - June 22. Telegrams with similar warnings came from the capitals of Germany's allied countries - Italy, Finland, Romania, Hungary. These reports said that Hitler had finally made a political and military decision to attack the Soviet Union. In total, Stalin received about 30 intelligence