TKSS Sec 4 Elective History Prelims 2024

TKSS/2261/02/Prelims/24 [Turn over CANDIDATE NAME CLASS INDEX NUMBER HUMANITIES (HISTORY) Paper 1 The Making of the 20th Century Modern World, 1910s-1991 2261/02 Thurs, 15 August 2024 1 hour 50 minutes Additional Materials: Answer Booklet READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST An answer booklet will be provided with this question paper. You should follow the instructions on the front cover of the answer booklet. If you need additional answer paper, ask the invigilator for a continuation booklet. Section A Answer all parts of Question 1. Section B Answer two questions. The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question. The total mark for this paper is 50 marks. _________________________________________________________________________ This document consists of 6 printed pages. TANJONG KATONG SECONDARY SCHOOL Preliminary Examinations 2024 Secondary 4

2 TKSS/2261/02/Prelims/24 Section A: Source-Based Case Study Question 1 is for all candidates. Study the Background Information and the sources carefully, and then answer all the questions. You may use any of the sources to help you answer the questions, in addition to those sources you are told to use. In answering the questions you should use your knowledge of the topic to help you interpret and evaluate the sources. 1 (a) Study Source A. How useful is this source as evidence that Hitler had won the support of the German people during his rule? Explain your answer. [5] (b) Study Sources B and C. How far does Source B agree with Source C? Explain your answer. [6] (c) Study Source D. What can you infer about the cartoonist’s attitude towards Hitler’s rule? Explain your answer. [5] (d) Study Sources E and F. How far does Source E make you surprised by Source F? Explain your answer. [6] (e) Study all the sources. ‘Hitler was able to win the hearts and minds of the German people under his rule.’ How far do these sources support this view? Use the sources and your knowledge to explain your answer. [8]

3 TKSS/2261/02/Prelims/24 Was Hitler able to win the hearts and minds of the German people? BACKGROUND INFORMATION Read this carefully. It may help you answer some of the questions. Hitler became the Chancellor of Germany in January 1933 amidst a period of instability. The German economy was struggling severely, with a substantial portion of the workforce unemployed. Upon gaining power, Hitler swiftly implemented numerous policies to address Germany's political, economic, and social issues. These measures aimed at consolidating his total control and achieve his ideological goals. Key policies included reducing unemployment, establishing a one -party rule, forming the Gestapo (Nazi secre t police), and remilitarizing Germany. Although there were various forms of opposition to his rule such as the many anti- Nazi jokes circulating privately among the German people in the 1930s, Hitler remained popular among the German people. Study the sources below to find out whether Hitler and his Nazi Party were able to win the hearts and minds of the German people. Source A: An extract taken from a book written by Dr Goetz Aly 2005. He is a well - respected German historian researching the Holocaust and German history during the Nazi period. Why did the average Germans so heartily support the Nazis and Third Reich*? Hitler was a "feel good dictator," a leader who not only made Germans feel important, but also made sure they were well cared-for by the state. To do so, he gave them huge tax breaks and introduced social benefits that anchored the society. He also ensured that even in the last days of the war not a single German went hungry. Despite near -constant warfare, never once during his 12 years in power did Hitler raise taxes for working class people. He offered Germans more than double the salaries and benefits that American and British families received. As such, most Germans saw Nazism as a "warm-hearted" protector. *Third Reich – refers to the Nazi regime in Germany from January 1933 to May 1945. Source B: A German woman called Grete remembers her mother’s support for the Nazis in the 1930s. There were those who believed in the Fuhrer as a saviour and were hypnotised by him. My mother, for example. Once she handed a bouquet to Hitler – that was a high point of her life… She was convinced everything the Nazis did was right and essential. Nothing would shake her faith in the Nazi Party about the need for concentration camps - that the riff -raff* had to be cleared off the streets! Repeat offenders, sex criminals, and the parasites of the Volk**, such as profiteers, would be re -educated in the cam ps to do honest work. They would be taught discipline and cleanliness – and, of course, not a hair on anyone’s head would be harmed. *riff-raff - disreputable or undesirable people. **Volk – referring to the German nation.

4 TKSS/2261/02/Prelims/24 Source C: An extract from a book evaluating Hitler’s rule, written by a historian who is an expert in German history, 2005. Even on the prestigious motorway projects, working conditions were so poor, food rat ions so low and hours so long that there were frequent protests, all the way to the burning down of the workers’ barracks. Many of those drafted onto the projects, such as hairdressers, white-collar workers or travelling salesmen, were unsuited to hard phy sical labour. Accidents were frequent, and repeated, acts of protest on one construction site led to the arrest of 32 out of the 700 workers in the space of a few months. The most vocal complainers were sent to the concentration camp at Dachau for ‘re-education’, and to intimidate the others into silence. Source D: A German cartoon with the caption ‘Germany, the tidiest country in the world’, July 1934. Nazi officer A dead body being pulled away by a man. Traces of blood

5 TKSS/2261/02/Prelims/24 Source E: An account by a Hitler Youth in 1934 published in the Nazi newspaper “Der Stürmer”. He must be a man of true virtue. Those lowly Jews and thugs were ruining our society with their threats and their brutish behavior. I personally witnessed a group of them harass our community greengrocer and she wasn’t a Jew! For a leader to be able to sentence and shoot his own private army, that takes true moral courage. I support Hitler. No other politician can do what he does. He does what is right, not what is easy. Heil Hitler! Source F: An extract from an interview of a former member of the Hitler Youth, 2019. Twice a week we were taught racial science, which was a specific instruction to be able to differentiate us from the so-called inferior races. That's when I heard for the first time the term “master race”. They taught us about racial purity by the shape of your skull. They matched eye colour as an additional measure for the purity of the Aryan race. Very specifically, I remember clearly, our teacher indicating why, for instance, the Jews were different from us. Rats spread typhus, cholera, plague. Just as rats are the lowest form of animals, so are the Jews the lowest form of mankind…However, even to me, as a 10 -year-old, the events of the Kristallnacht, my witnessing the brutality committed on townspeople that I had known all of my life, signified the end of German innocence. From now on, not one of us could