Deyi Elective History Prelims 2024

1 [Turn over DEYI SECONDARY SCHOOL HUMANITIES 2261/02 Paper 2 History E 2 Aug 2024 1020 – 1210h 1 hour 50 minutes _______________________________________________________________________________ READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST An answer booklet will be provided with this question paper. You should follow the instructions on the front cover of the answer booklet. If you need additional answer paper ask the invigilator for a continuation booklet. Section A: Answer all parts of Question 1. Section B: Answer two questions. INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question. Preliminary Examination 2024 Secondary 4 Express Name: Class: Index No.: This question paper consists of 6 printed pages O Additional Material: Answer Booklet Total: 50 marks

2 [Turn over Section A: Source-Based Case Study Question 1 is for all candidates. Study the Background Information and the sources carefully, and then answer all the questions. You may use any of the sources to help you answer the questions, in addition to those sources you are told to use. In answering the questions you should use you r knowledge of the topic to help you interpret and evaluate the sources. 1 (a) Study Source A. Are you surprised by what the source says? Explain your answer. [6] (b) Study Source B. Why was this cartoon published in June 1950? Explain your answer. [5] (c) Study Sources C and D. Does Source D prove Source C wrong? Explain your answer. [6] (d) Study Source E. What does this source show you about the reason for US intervention in Korea? [5] (e) Study all the sources. ‘The U.S. intervention in Korea was a strategic error.’ How far do these sources support this view? Use the sources and your knowledge to explain your answer. [8]

3 [Turn over Was U.S. intervention in Korea a strategic error? BACKGROUND INFORMATION Read this carefully. It may help you to answer some of the questions. After World War II, Korea was divided politically into two zones along the 38th parallel. In 1948, following the withdrawal of foreign troops, the North remained under Communist control led by Kim Il Sung, while the South adopted an anti-communist stance under Syngman Rhee. South Korea received support from the United States and the United Nations, while North Korea was backed by China and the Soviet Union. Both leaders were hostile towards each other and sought to unify the country through military force. South Korea initially launched border attacks near the Taedong River but were repelled by North Korean forces. Then, on June 25, 1950, North Korea launched a full -scale invasion of South Korea by crossing the 38th parallel. The UN Security Council passed a resolution calling for military intervention to repel the invasion. On September 1950, the USA led the UN multinational force to liberate Seoul. Was the US involvement in Korea a strategic error? Study the following sources to find out. Source A: Adapted from ‘A New Look At The Korean War’, an article published by Veterans for Peace. Veterans for Peace is an American organisation which seeks to promote alternatives to war. The official American history is that the Korean War started on June 25, 1950 when the North Korean forces suddenly attacked the South under Stalin’s order. This is a gross misrepresentation of the origin of the War. For one thing certain now, according to the Russian documents declassified, is that Stalin did not order Kim Il Sung to start the War. On the contrary, it was Kim Il Sung who sought permission to attack the South in case the North was attacked. The truth is that the Korean War really started in 1945 when the U.S. suppressed the Korea People’s Republic ( KPR) government and imposed its military rule in the southern part of Korea. During the American Military Government (1945-1948) and the period from the establishment of the Republic of Korea (ROK) in the South in August 1948 to the full-scale war in June 1950, the U.S. military and the fascist Rhee regime, allied with pro -Japanese Koreans, either imprisoned or killed hundreds of thousands of Korean nationalists and socialists in order to establish a separate, pro-American government in the South.

4 [Turn over Source B: An American cartoon published in June 1950. Source C: A speech made by President Truman, 19th July 1950. On Sunday, June 25th, Communist forces attacked the Republic of Korea. This attack has made it clear, beyond all doubt, that the international Communist movement is willing to use armed invasion to conquer independent nations. An act of aggression such as this creates a very real danger to the security of all free nations. The attack upon Korea was an outright breach of the peace and a violation of the Charter of the United Nations. By their actions in Korea, Communist leaders have demonstrated their contempt for the basic moral principles on which the United Nations is founded. This is a direct challenge to the efforts of the free nations to build the kind of world in which men can live in freedom and peace. This challenge has been presented squarely. We must meet it squarely.

5 [Turn over Source D: Adapted from an excerpt of the official North Korean history of the Korean War, published in 1993. Source E: From Dean Acheson’s memoirs written in 1969. Acheson was a leading member of Truman’s government and oversaw American foreign po licy during the Korean War. Source F: A pamphlet dropped on US troops during the Korean war, 1951. The US imperialists was the strongest in the world. With a view to conquering North Korea, the US imperialist invaders sent into the Korean war over two million soldiers, including one -third of their ground forces, one-fifth of their air force and the greater part of their Pacific Fleet, along with over 73 million tons of combat equipment. US imperialists, who had harboured the wild dream of dominating the world with Korea as the springboard, instigated the South Korean puppet government to launch a surprise armed invasion of the North Korea at early dawn on June 25, 1950. Under the outstanding leadership of President Kim II Sung and assistance from our Soviet brothers, the People's Army rose and won a great victory in the war. Clearly the invasion of South Korea by North Korea was an open, undisguised challenge to America’s internationally accepted position as the protector of South Korea, an area of great importance to the security of American-occupied Japan. Backing away from this challenge would be highly destructive to our strength and reputation. Dear Soldiers, It is Christmas and you are far from home, suffering from cold not knowing when you will die. The big shots are home enjoying themselves, eating good food, drinking good liquor, why should you be here risking your life for their profits? The Koreans and Chinese don’t want to be your enemies. Our enemies and yours are those who sent you here and destroyed your happiness. Soldiers! Let’s join hands! You should be back home with those you love and want you back, safe and sound. So we wish you……….. THE CHINESE PEOPLE’S VOLUNTEERS

6 [Turn over Section B: Essays Answer two questions. 2 “Hitler’s strong base of support was the main reason that led to the rise of the Nazi party between 1920s to 1930s.” How far do you agree with the statement? Explain your answer. [10] 3 “Japan’s appetite for territorial control ultimately caused its downfall in World War II.” How far do you agree