NYGH 2020-S3EOY-Adv Hist

Class Register Number Name 南洋女子中学校 NANYANG GIRLS' HIGH SCHOOL End-of-Year Examinations 2020 Secondary 3 ADVANCED HISTORY 2 hours Thursday 08 October 2020 0845 – 1045 hours Setter: Ong LH This document consists of 5 printed pages, including the cover page. NANYANG GIRLS' HIGH SCHOOL [Turn over READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST 1. Do not open this booklet until you are told to do so. 2. Write your name, register number and class on all the work you hand in. 3. Write your answers and working on the separate writing paper provided, unless otherwise stated. 4. Write in dark blue or black ink on both sides of the paper. 5. Do not use staples, paper clips, glue or correction fluid. 6. Please leave 2 blank lines after each sub-question. 7. Start each question on a fresh sheet of paper. 8. At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together. 9. The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question. 10. The total number of marks for this paper is 51. Section A Answer all parts of Question 1. Section B Answer ONE out of two Questions.

2 Section A: Source-Based Case Study Question 1 is compulsory for all candidates Study the Background Information and the sources carefully, and then answer all the questions. You may use any of the sources to help you answer the questions, in addition to those sources you are told to use. In answering the questions, you should use your knowledge of the topic to help you interpret and evaluate the sources. 1 (a) Study Source A. What is the UMNO official’s point of view towards the communists? Explain your answer. [5] (b) Study Sources B and C. Does Source B prove that the portrayal of the communist struggle in Source C is wrong? Explain your answer. [6] (c) Study Source D. Can you believe the comments made by Chin Peng? Explain your answer. [6] (d) Study Source E. Are you surprised at the view of the academic? [6] Explain your answer. (e) Study all the sources. How far do the sources support the view that the communist struggle in Malaya was justified? Explain your answer. [15]

3 ISSUE: How justified was the Malayan Communist Party’s (MCP) struggle against the British Colonial Government? BACKGROUND INFORMATION Read this carefully. It may help you to answer some of the questions. The Malayan Emergency was declared in June 1948 after the Malayan Communist Party (MCP) adopted the policy of insurrection. The use of violence to disrupt the economy and assassination of key British figures saw the British co lonial government launch an all -out war against the communist guerilla fighters. The conflict resulted in casualties on both sides. The success of the British counter -insurgency measures end ed the Emergency in 1960. After the failure of the Baling Talks in 1956 , the communists retreated to Southern Thailand, setting up their bases there. The communist fighters including Chin Peng have always maintained the just cause that the MCP was figh ting for in the context of post -World War Two Malaya. An international campaign was launched in 2008 for Chin Peng to return to Malaysia but it was met with fierce opposition. Chin Peng d ied in exile in 2013. How justified the MCP’s actions were remains a controversial issue in Malaysia today. Source A: A n United Malays National Organisation (UMNO) official’s perception of the Malayan Emergency in the 1960s. The communists always claimed that they were fighting to “rid the British imperialists and the other running dogs headed by the Malay Sultans” and replace them with a Malayan people’s republic in which, I suppose, every one became inferior except for the communists. In the communist scheme of things, the “backward Malays” played little role. After all, the MCP is a Chinese party. As the Emergency progressed, the Malays whom the MCP was supposed to win over became progressively nationalistic when they realized that if the MCP won , their country would become a Chinese satellite state. Source B: A leaflet dropped in the jungle s of Malaya, written by Lam Swee to his former comrades in October 1950. Dear comrades, The MCP says that they are fighting for the interests of the people. But what they are doing are murders, robberies and destroying the peaceful living of the people without any reason at all. They forced the people to follow the lawless path and caused thousands to desert their families and to move about in hunger. "Fighting for the People" in fact means to encourage the people to fight for the Party and to force many ignorant youths to sacrifice themselves for the MCP. [Turn over

4 Source C: An excerpt of an interview in the late 1990s with Lin Guan Ying, a female member of the Malayan Communist Party who fought for years in the Malayan jungle. The party taught us about socialism. The main idea was to resist imperialist rule. For us workers, it was very easy to understand how capitalism and imperialism exploited us, how we were not free. The system was very oppressive against women. There were pressures from the family and society on women. We came out to fight for our own freedom…to be politicized and join the communist party seemed so natural at that time. It was all voluntary; no one forced you to join. Source D: Comments by Chin Peng, during an interview by Western journalists in 2009, about the Malayan Emergency. We considered the European planters a symbol of colonial rule. They were hated by the workers. I make no apologies for seeking to replace such an exploitative system with a form of Marxist socialism. Colonial exploitation, irrespective of who were the masters, Japanese or British, was morally wrong. If you saw how the returning British functioned the way I did, you would know why I chose arms. Source E: An interview of an academic in a newspaper, published in November 2019, when the remains of Chin Peng returned to Malaysia. Professor Datuk Dr Teo Kok Seong, who is Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia’s Institute of Ethnic Studies Principal Research Fellow, said people today need to fully understand the extent of the damage inflicted by the Communist Party, led by Chin Peng.The losses, he said, was not just to the economy, but also in the form of numerous lives. “The country and its people had to endure four decades of suffering due to Chin Peng’s attempt to turn the country into a communist state. Their trail of infrastructure destruction hurt the economy. It hit not just the Malays but was also felt deeply by people of all other races, including those of Chinese descent.” Source F: A historian’s view of the Malayan Emergency in 2016. In the early years of the Emergency, there were plenty of insurgent attacks on buses and trains; and civilians suffered when grenades were tossed into crowds and coffee shops, and their livelihoods were destroyed when mine machinery was sabotaged and rubber trees slashed. Earlier g oodwill was irreversibly damaged when people read about – or wi