2026 ACJC H2 Biology Prelim P1 QP

This paper consists of 20 printed pages. [Turn over Anglo-Chinese Junior College JC2 Biology Preliminary Examination Higher 2 BIOLOGY Paper 1 Multiple Choice Additional Materials: Multiple Choice Answer Sheet 9477/01 17 September 2026 1 hour READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Write in soft pencil. Do not use staples, paper clips, glue or correction fluid. Write your name and index number in the answer sheet provided. There are thirty questions on this paper. Answer all questions. For each question there are four possible answers A, B, C and D. Choose the one you consider correct and record your choice in soft pencil on the separate Answer Sheet. Read the instructions on the Answer sheet very carefully. Each correct answer will score one mark. A mark will not be deducted for a wrong answer. Any rough working should be done in this Question Paper. The use of an approved calculator is expected, where appropriate.

2 Anglo-Chinese Junior College 2026 J2 H2 9477 Paper 1 Preliminary Examination 1 The cell theory aims to define cells as a basic unit of all living organisms. Which statement explains why viruses are often described as challenging the cell theory? A Viruses possess hereditary material that can be passed on to new viruses, but do not have membranes. B Viruses can reproduce using resources from the host cells they infect, but exist as simple extracellular particles after their release from host cells. C Some viruses can be larger in size than the smallest prokaryotic cells, but are still unable to perform metabolic reactions outside of their host cell. D Viral particles do not contain cytoplasm or organelles, and are therefore not relevant to biological definitions of life. 2 Scientists investigating the role of centrioles in eukaryotic cells made several observations: • Nearly all animal cells contain centrioles. • Some plants, such as flowering plants and conifers, and most fungi lack centrioles. • Centrioles are found within a non -membrane-bound region known as the centrosome, which is concentrated with tubulin proteins. • Cells without centrioles will still contain centrosomes. • Cells that had its centrioles removed by artificial methods can still carry out cell division for short periods of time. • However, these cells that had its centrioles artificially removed will lack flagella and cilia. What can be concluded based on these observations? A Centrioles are essential for the formation of mitotic spindle fibres. B The process of mitosis is unaffected in animal cells that had its centrioles removed. C Flowering plants, conifers and fungi have alternative mechanisms of organising spindle fibres which does not depend on centrioles. D Flowering plants, conifers and fungi do not have cells that require motility.

3 [Turn over Anglo-Chinese Junior College 2026 J2 H2 9477 Paper 1 Preliminary Examination 3 The following list describes some features of cells: 1 unicellular 2 cell wall comprising monosaccharide units 3 main chromosome in the form of circular DNA 4 70S ribosomes 5 absence of organelles How many of these features apply only to bacteria and not to eukaryotes? A 1 B 2 C 4 D 5 4 The diagrams show four biological molecules, W, X, Y and Z, which possess similar properties. molecule W molecule X Which molecules can be found in a typical cell membrane? A molecules W, X, Y and Z B molecules W, X and Z only C molecules X and Y only D molecules W and Z only molecule Y molecule Z

4 Anglo-Chinese Junior College 2026 J2 H2 9477 Paper 1 Preliminary Examination 5 The diagram shows the activity of membranes at the cell surface. 1, 2 and 3 shows three separate stages, while A and B represents either the intracellular or the extracellular compartment. Which row correctly matches the specified process with the correct order of stages and labelled compartments? process order of stages compartment A compartment B A pinocytosis 1 → 2 → 3 intracellular extracellular B exocytosis 1 → 2 → 3 extracellular intracellular C entry of human immunodeficiency virus into host cell 3 → 2 → 1 intracellular extracellular D release of influenza virus from host cell 3 → 2 → 1 extracellular intracellular phospholipid bilayer

5 [Turn over Anglo-Chinese Junior College 2026 J2 H2 9477 Paper 1 Preliminary Examination 6 The graph shows how the rate of an enzymatic reaction varies with a change in substrate concentration. Three points on the graph are labelled X, Y and Z. Which row correctly states the term that is represented by the label and describes the significance of the stated term? label term that is represented significance of term A X Vmax highest possible rate of reaction that can be achieved, given a fixed concentration of substrate B X Vmax highest possible rate of reaction that can be achieved, given an optimum reaction temperature C Y Km directly related to the binding affinity of the substrate for the enzyme D Z Km inversely related to the binding affinity of the substrate for the enzyme

6 Anglo-Chinese Junior College 2026 J2 H2 9477 Paper 1 Preliminary Examination 7 Enzyme E is a multi-subunit protein with more than one binding site for other molecules, such as its substrate molecule S, and its inhibitor molecule I. The following graph shows how the rate of reaction catalysed by enzyme E changes with the concentration of substrate S, and in the presence or absence of inhibitor I. Which statement correctly describes the interaction between the enzyme, substrate and inhibitor molecules? A Binding of substrate S to enzyme E increases the affinity for binding to subsequent molecules of substrate S. B Inhibitor I has a 3D conformation complementary to substrate S and binds to a site distinct from substrate S. C Inhibitor I has a 3D conformation similar to substrate S and binds to enzyme E’s active site. D An increase in the concentration of substrate S allows it to outcompete inhibitor I for binding to the same site on enzyme E.

7 [Turn over Anglo-Chinese Junior College 2026 J2 H2 9477 Paper 1 Preliminary Examination 8 The table lists some of the normal functions of stem cells in a living organism. function of stem cell embryonic stem cells blood stem cells 1 maintain the pool of undifferentiated stem cells ✔ ✔ 2 differentiates into cells which form the placenta ✔ ✗ 3 differentiates into cells which replace worn out cells in a newborn organism ✔ ✔ 4 differentiates into daughter cells which secretes antibodies ✗ ✔ Which rows correctly matches each function to the type of stem cell? A 1, 2, 3 and 4 B 1, 2 and 4 only C 1 and 4 only D 2 and 3 only 9 In a eukaryotic cell, inhibition of DNA ligase is experimentally induced during S phase of interphase, while all other proteins remain functional. Which statement predicts the effect of this treatment on the end -replication problem, which describes the loss of DNA sequences at its terminal ends? A The end -replication problem is avoided because unligated Okazaki fragments leave additional free 3′-OH groups that allow complete filling of chromosome ends. B The extent of terminal sequence loss is unchanged, because the replacement of the terminal RNA primer is unaffected by the failure to join adjacent DNA fragments. C Terminal sequence loss increa