SAJC 08 EY JC2 H2 Geog P2 SAJC QUESTION

SAJC/H2 GEOG/9730/02/QUESTION/08 St Andrew’s Junior College Preliminary Examination 2008 ________________________________________________ GEOGRAPHY 9730/02 HIGHER 2 Paper 2 Human Geography Monday 8 September 2008 3 hours ________________________________________________________________________ INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES Section A Answer all questions. Section B Answer two questions, each from a different topic. INFORMATION FOR THE CANDIDATES At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together. The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part questions. The Insert contains all the Figures referred to in the question paper. Diagrams and sketch maps should be drawn whenever they serve to illustrate an answer. The world outline map may be annotated and handed in with relevant answers. You are reminded of the need for good English and clear presentation in your answers. ________________________________________________________________________ This document consists of 4 printed pages.

SAJC/H2 GEOG/9730/02/QUESTION/08 Section A Answer all the questions in this section. Questions 1, 2 and 3 carry 12 marks and Question 4 carries 14 marks. You should allocate your time accordingly. The Globalisation of Economic Activities 1 Fig. 1 shows the changing structure of UK employment, by industry, from 1985 – 2005. a) With reference to Fig. 1, describe how the employment structure in the United Kingdom (UK) has changed from 1985 to 2005. [4] b) Account for the change in employment in banking, finance and insurance in Fig. 1. [4] c) How has technological improvements impacted the manufacturing workforce? [4] Population Issues and Challenges 2 Study Fig. 2, which shows the variations in life expectancy for different regions in Year 2000 a) Name the region which has the greatest variation in life expectancy among its countries, supporting your answer with information from Fig. 2. [2] b) Compare the variation in life expectancy in Central America with the variation in life expectancy in Western Europe as shown in Fig. 2. Suggest reasons for the variations. [5] c) Using examples, explain two different ways to increase life expectancy in Less Developed Countries (LDCs). [5] Urban Issues and Challenges 3 Fig. 3 shows the distribution of the wealthiest and the poorest households in Britain. a) Describe the distribution of the wealthy and poor households as illustrated in Fig. 3. [4] b) Suggest reasons for the distribution of the poor households around one named urban area in Fig. 3. [8]

SAJC/H2 GEOG/9730/02/QUESTION/08 The Globalization of Economic Activity / Population Issues and Challenges Fig. 4A shows the ecological footprint (EF) and Human Development Index (HDI), 2003, for different countries. Fig. 4B shows the distribution of global share of population and wealth in 2006. a) Using the World Map provided, illustrate the North-South Divide. [2] b) Describe the relationship between HDI and Ecological Footprint (gha/person) in Fig. 4A. [2] c) With reference to Fig. 4A and Fig. 4B, explain how the I=PAT theory can be used to explain the relationship described in part b). [5] d) Compare the usefulness of GNP and HDI. [5] _________________________________________________________________________ Section B Answer two questions, each from a different topic. All questions carry 25 marks. The Globalization of Economic Activity 5 EITHER a) Using the World Map provided, map out the key spatial organizational units of ONE Transnational Corporation (TNC) you have studied, and account for its spatial organization. [9] b) “The Transnational Corporation (TNC) has brought about nothing but trouble for its host country/countries.” Discuss this view with reference to ONE case study of a TNC. [16] OR a) Outline the causes of the New International Division of Labour (NIDL). [9] b) To what extent do you agree that globalization has caused the Less Developed Countries (LDCs) to pose an economic threat to the Developed Countries (DCs)? [16]

SAJC/H2 GEOG/9730/02/QUESTION/08 Population Issues and Challenges 6 EITHER a) With the aid of diagrams, describe the relationship between the different stages of the Demographic Transition Model (DTM) and the population structure. [9] b) “The shortage of resources is due to population numbers, and not because of poor resource management.” Discuss this in relation to population-resource theory or theories. [16] OR a) Describe the characteristics of overpopulation and explain its causes. [9] b) To what extent is it true that pro-natal policies have had limited success as compared to anti-natal policies? [16] Urban Issues and Challenges 7 EITHER a) Explain the reasons for increased congestion on the roads. [9] b) “Promoting public transportation is the best method to reduce congestion.” Assess the extent to which this is true for congestion abatement measures you have studied. [16] OR a) Describe and explain why global cities are characterized by growing social economic polarization. [9] b) “Flagship project is by far the most successful strategy for urban renewal.” To what extent do you agree with this proposition? [16]