IJC 2008 H2 Geography Prelim2 Paper2 Qn

2 Section A Answer all the questions in this section. Questions 1, 2 and 4 carry 12 marks and Question 3 carries 14 marks. You should allocate your time accordingly. The Globalisation of Economic Activity 1 Fig. 1A shows the FDI inflows for selected regions in 2004 while Fig. 1B shows the FDI outflows from 2003 to 2004. (a) Differentiate between the terms, FDI inflows and outflows. [2] (b) Describe and account for the largest recipient and loser of FDI inflows in 2004. [5] (c) Explain why developed regions contribute to the largest FDI outflows as shown in Fig. 1B. . [5] Population Issues and Challenges 2 Fig. 2A shows the birth rate and death rate for selected countries in 2000 while Fig. 2B shows the life expectancy of selected countries in North Africa in 2000. (a) Describe the relationship between birth rate and death rate as shown in Fig. 2A. [2] (b) Suggest reasons for the relationship between birth rate and death rate that you identified in (a). [6] (b) With reference to Fig. 2B, explain how the data shown supports the trends in death rates of the African countries in Fig. 2A. [4] Urban Issues and Challenges 3 Figs 3A and 3B show the urban structure of a city in DC in 1980 and 2000. (a) Describe and account for any one change to the landuse in the outskirts of the city between 1980 and 2000. [3] (b) Compare the processes that have shaped the inner city in 1980 and 2000. [5] (c) Explain how you would engage in a fieldwork study to investigate the changes to the landuse patterns in the inner city. [6]

3 The Globalisation of Economic Activity/ Population Issues and Challenges 4 Fig. 4 shows the proportion of population in the different age categories for selected countries in 2000 and 2030. (a) Compare the proportion of population in the different age categories between one DC and one LDC. [2] (b) With reference to the DCs shown in Fig. 4, suggest how their population projections in 2030 might affect their role in the new international division of labour. [4] (c) Explain how the strategies used by China to stay in global competition in 2030 might be different from that of India? [6]

4 Section B Answer two questions, each from a different topic. All questions carry 25 marks. The Globalisation of Economic Activity 5 EITHER (a) With reference to specific examples, explain the strategies used by transnational corporations to rationalize and reorganize their operations. [9] (b) Evaluate the role of supranational organisations in the new international division of labour. [16] OR (a) Describe and explain the increasing importance of governments in promoting economic growth in their countries. [9] (b) ‘Globalisation of economic activity has given opportunities for Less Developed Countries (LDCs) to compete effectively in the world today.’ Discuss. [16] Population Issues and Challenges 6 EITHER (a) Using examples, explain how transnational migration may be influenced by political and cultural factors. [9] (b) A recent demographic survey was done by UN and its demographers cut 400 million from their best estimate of the world's population in 2050. They are now expecting 8.9 billion people on Earth in 2050, rather than the 9.3 billion that they forecasted in 2002. Discuss the validity of this statement with reference to recent population trends. [16] OR (a) Compare and contrast the Hedonistic and Conservationist views on population resource relationships. [9] (b) To what extent are population pyramids useful in helping governments to formulate relevant policies to curb with future population problems in their countries. [16]

5 Urban Issues and Challenges 7 EITHER (a) With reference to specific examples, explain the challenges that urban planners in megacities face. [9] (b) ‘Community involvement is the most effective way to ameliorate urban housing problems.’ Evaluate the validity of this statement. [16] OR (a) Explain how globalization can help to explain the structure of urban cities such as that shown in Fig. 5. [9] (b) With reference to specific examples, discuss the issues related to social and ethnic segregation in urban areas of Developed Countries (DCs). [16]