RJC 2008 Geog H2 P2 Prelims

1 RAFFLES JUNIOR COLLEGE Preliminary Examinations 2008 H2 GEOGRAPHY 9730/02 Paper 2 Human Geography Duration: 3 hours Additional material: Writing Paper Insert 1 World Outline Map (to be supplied upon request) READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Section A: Answer all questions. Section B: Answer two questions, each from a different topic. Write in dark blue or black pen. You may use a soft pencil for any diagrams, graphs or rough working. The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question. Insert 1 contains all the figures referred to in the question paper. Diagrams and sketch maps should be drawn whenever they serve to illustrate an answer. The world outline map may be annotated and handed in with relevant answers. You are reminded of the need for good English and clear presentation in your answers. At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together using the string provided. This document consists of 4 printed pages including this page. RAFFLES JUNIOR COLLEGE 2008

2 Section A Answer all the questions in this section. Questions 1, 2 and 3 carry 12 marks each and Question 4 carries 14 marks. You should allocate your time accordingly. The Globalisation of Economic Activity 1 Figure 1 depicts information about job lo sses from transnational companies (TNCs) in north east England in 1998. (a) State TWO main characteristics of transnational companies. [2] (b) Figure 1 shows many TNCs located in a peripheral region of England. Why would many companies choose to locate in the periphery of a country? [5] (c) Outline the impacts of wide-scale retrenchment from the manufacturing sector. [5] Population Issues and Challenges 2 Figure 2 shows the flows of in-migration and out-migration for New Zealand in the year 2000. (For example, 10,580 Austra lians migrated to New Zealand, whereas 38,250 New Zealanders migrated to Australia for that year). (a) Suggest some possible reasons why New Zealanders are migrating overseas. [6] (b) With reference to examples, explain how high levels of in- and out-migration can affect a country negatively. [6] Urban Issues and Challenges 3 Figures 3A, 3B and 3C represent thr ee possible stages in the economic and urban development of a country or island. (a) Suggest reasons why, (i) in Fig 3A all initial development occurs within the core [2] (ii) in Fig 3C this or iginal core is losing dominance [4] (b) With reference to one country or city, describe attempts by the authorities at spreading development into areas beyond the core. [6] RAFFLES JUNIOR COLLEGE 2008

3 The Globalisation of Economic Activity/ Urban Issues and Challenges 4 Figure 4 shows a sketch diagram of the CBD of a small town in United Kingdom. (a) Describe and suggest reasons for c hanges from X to Y in the following features, (i) building height (ii) business type [4] (b) Describe how you would conduct a survey on pedestrian count for the purpose of delineating the CBD. [5] (c) Explain how economic globalisation can reshape and change the CBD of cities. [5] Section B Answer two questions, each from a different topic. All questions carry 25 marks. The Globalisation of Economic Activity 5 EITHER (a) Compare the service sectors operating in DCs, LDCs and NIEs. [9] (b) Assess the extent to wh ich low cost labour is the mo st important factor in the location of TNCs. [16] 5 OR (a) Differentiate between deskilling and re-skilling. Describe attempts to counter the economic impacts of offshoring of jobs from DCs. [9] (b) Assess the impacts of s upranational bodies on LDCs. [16] RAFFLES JUNIOR COLLEGE 2008

4 RAFFLES JUNIOR COLLEGE 2008 Population Issues and Challenges 6 EITHER (a) Identify the factors which may help explain how epidemic s and infectious diseases may affect countries differently. [9] (b) ‘Capitalism is the best form of contraception.’ To what extent do you agree that ec onomic growth is the most important factor in reducing fertility rates in a country. [16] 6 OR (a) Discuss the usefulness of the population pyramid in understanding a country’s population structure. [9] (b) Evaluate the success of government policies in countering an ageing population. [16] Urban Issues and Challenges 7 EITHER (a) With reference to one or more located examples, discuss how the bid rent concept is of limited use in explaining landuse patterns in the city. [9] (b) Using one or more cities you have studied, evaluate the process of re-imaging the city. [16] 7 OR (a) With reference to one or more cities, discuss the factors causing socio- economic segregation within urban areas. [9] (b) To what extent do you agree t hat urban transport problems are highly- correlated to the economic development of the city. [16] END