Korean War revision worksheet

ANSWER REVISIONONTHEKOREANWAR (FROM:REVISEAQAGCSEHISTORYCONFLCIT&TENSIONINASIA,1950-1975[9-1]PEARSON) CAUSESOFTHEKOREANWAR 1)Whatwerethe4maincausesoftheKoreanWar?Pg1 -TheImpactofWW2 -Nationalism&CivilWar -TheImpactoftheColdWar(1945-1991) -USrelationswithChina 1.2)IdentifywhichofthesefourmaincausesleddirectlytothedivisionofKoreaintoNorthandSouth. Theimpactofthe2 nd WorldWar. THECOLDWAR 2)ExplainwhyTrumanthoughtcommunismshouldbecontained.Pg2 Trumanthoughtcommunismshouldbecontainedbecause: -Communismthreatenedpeople’sfreedomtochoosetheirowngovernment. -TheUSAwantedtoencouragecapitalismandfreetrade–itneededtohavecapitalistcountriestobuyUSproductsandfortheUSAtotradewith. -TrumandidnotwantcommunismtospreadtotheUSA&otherpartsoftheworld. USRELATIONSWITHCHINA&KOREA 3.1)WhydidUSAthinktheywerelosingtocommunismby1950?Pg3 -USgovernmentofficialsthoughtthattheyhad‘lost’ ChinatocommunismbecausetheyhadnotdoneenoughtosupporttheoppositiontotheCommunistPartyinChina’sCivilWar. -IntheUSA, SenatorMcCarthyhadbegunacampaignagainstAmericancommunistswhomightbetryingtomaketheUSAacommunistcountry&whomightbeweakeningtheUSAe.g.spyingfortheUSSR. -InEurope,theUSSRmadesurethattheEasternEuropeancountriese.g.,Hungary&EastGermany, werecontrolledbycommunistparties.TheUSSRhadpromisedininternational

agreementstoallowthesecountriestochoosetheirowngovernment,buttheUSAcouldseethatthewouldbewrongtotrusttheUSSRaboutthis. 3.2)1wayinwhichChinahelpedKoreannationalists?Pg3. -AcceptingKoreanstofightwithChineseforcesagainsttheJapanese. -AllowingKoreansinChinatosetupaKoreangovernment-in-exile. -KoreannationalistscouldhideinChinatoescapefromtheJapanese. THEDIVISIONOFKOREA 4)ExplainwhythedivisionofKoreahelpedcausetheKoreanWar?2reasonspg4 Forexample,choose2: -Bothleadersofthe2halvesofKoreawantedKoreatobeunitedbuttheleadersoftheNorthwantedacommunistKorea,andtheleadersoftheSouthwantedacapitalistKorea.Bothleadersaskedforaidtooverthrowtheother. -ThedivisionofKoreacreatedacommunistNorth&ananti-communist/CapitalistSouth.Theclashbetweenthese2politicalsystemscreatedtensionthatledtoconflict. -TheColdWarwasresponsibleforthedivisionofKoreaastheUSAtriedtopreventtheUSSRoccupyingallofKorea.TheUSSRthenbackedNorthKorea&theUSA, SouthKorea,creatingtensionthatledtoconflict. INVASIONBYTHENORTH 5)KimIlSungwasthemainreasonfortheKoreanWar. Give2reasons.P5 YES -ThewarbeganwhenNorthKoreainvadedSouthKorea.Kimhadorderedtheinvasion. -KimwantedtoinvadeSouthKoreatoreuniteKoreaasacountry. Thistensionledtotheinvasion,whichwasthemaincauseofthewar. -KimwassurethattheSouthKoreanpeoplewouldrevoltagainstRheetosupportcommunisminaunitedKorea&tosupportKim’slandreforms. NO -InvasiononlytookplaceonceStalinhadgivenhispermission.Therefore,themainreasonforwarwasStalin’scontroloverthecommunistleadersinNorthKorea&China.

-ThemainreasonwasthetensionbetweentheUSA&theUSSR–theColdWar. KoreawasdividedbecausetheUSAwantedtopreventtheUSSRfromtakingcontroloverthewholeofKorea&theUSSRheldoffgivingsupporttotheinvasionofSouthKoreauntiltheyalsohadatomicbombs&theUSAwasdistractedwithJapan. RESPONSESTOINVASION 6.1)WhywastheUSSRabsentfromtheUNinJune1950?Pg6mb 6.1-TheUSSRrefusedtotakepartintheUNbecausetheUSAwouldnotallowcommunistChinatojointheUNSecurityCouncil.ThismeantthattheUSSRwasabsentfromtheSecurityCouncilMeetinginJune1950. 6.2)WhatconsequencedidthishavefortheUN’sresponsetothecrisisinKorea?Pg6 TheconsequencewasthattheUSSRcouldnotuseitsvetotoblocktheUSA’sproposaltosendUNmilitaryforcestodefendSouthKoreafromattack. THEUNCAMPAIGNINTHESOUTH&NORTH 7)InchonlandingswerethemostimportanteventintheKoreanWar.Give2pointsthatsupportthisstatement&2pointthatargueagainstit.Pg7 FORTHESTATEMENT BeforetheInchonlanding, NorthKoreanswereincontrolofalmostallofKorea.TheUNandSouthKoreanforcesweretrappedintheSoutherntipofKorea,aroundPusan.ItwasthesuccessoftheInchonlandingsthatallowedSouthKoreatobecaptured. -ThesuccessoftheInchonlandingsmeantthattheUSAchangeditsobjectivesfromcontainingcommunismtopushingbackcommunism.AdvancementintoNorthKoreapulledChinaintothewar. -TheInchonlandingswereanoutstandingachievementbyMacArthurbecausethelandingdemonstratedmilitaryexpertiseoftheUSA. AGAINSTTHESTATEMENT -ThemaineventwastheChineseresponsetoUNforcesinvadingNorthKorea.TheirmassiveattackpushedtheUNforcesbackdeepintoSouthKorea.Thewarbecameastalemate. -ThemaineventoftheKoreanWarwastheNorth’sinvasionofSouthKoreainJune1950.Thiswastheeventthatstartedthewarinthefirstplace.TheeventbroughttheUSA&theUNintotheconflict. -TheNorthKoreanswereworndownbytheirattemptstocapturePusan.Theywerealreadyexhausted&shortofsupplies.

ADVANCEINTONORTHKOREA 8)UNSecurityCouncil’sResolution84.WhatmessagedoyouthinkitgivesyouabouttheUN’saimsinKoreainJuly1950.Pg8 Themessageis“repel”. TheUN’saimwastopushtheNorthKoreanforcesbacktoNorthKorea. Theaimisto“restoreinternationalpeaceandsecurityinthatarea”. TheareacouldbeSouthKoreaorallofKorea.TheaimcouldincludeattackingNorthKoreatopreventfurtherattacksonSouthKorea. CHINA’SREACTION 9.1LookattheimageofChineseand&NKoreantroopsgreetingeachother.Identify2thingsthatareusefulaboutthissourceforunderstandingwhytheUN’sadvancewasdefeated. -ItshowsthattheChineseforcesworkedtogetherwiththeNorthKoreanforces.EffectivewaytodefeattheUNforces. -TheChinesetroopswerewell–equippedbecausetheywerecarryingmodernSoviet-suppliedsubmachineguns. -ItshowsthedifficultmountainterrainfortheUNforcestofightin.Theycouldgettrappedinnarrowvalleys. 9.2)TheUSpoliticalcartooniscriticalofGenMacArthur.WhatisitcriticisingMacArthurfor?Pg9 ItiscriticisingMacArthurwideningthewarinKoreatoincludeanattackoncommunistChina. STALEMATE&PEACETALKS 10)Byspring1951,writeanaccountoftheeventsthatledtothewarbecominganinternationalcrisis.Pg10 -DivisionofKoreain1945createdtensionsbetweentheNorth&South. -OncetheUSSRgavepermission,NorthKorealaunchedaninvasionofSKoreainJun1950. -USApersuadedtheUNqtosendamilitaryforcetodefendSouthKorea. -UNtroopsadvanceintoNorthKorea&causedChinatoenterthewar. -InNov1950,300,000ChinesetroopsdefeatedtheUNtroopsinNKorea.TheUNretreatedintoSouth.Korea. -Afterseveralattacks&retreats,bothsidesfacedeachotheralongthe38 th parallel.