DHS Y3 WA2 practice paper 2022 (French Revolution)

`DUNMANHIGHSCHOOLHUMANITIESANDARTSPROGRAMMEYEAR3HistoryUnit1Worksheet Name:__________________________( ) Class:________ SBQPRACTICE-1789FRENCHREVOLUTIONLORMSFRAMEWORK&ANSWER SectionA(18marks) Question1iscompulsoryforallcandidates. StudytheBackgroundInformationandthesourcescarefully, andthenanswerallthequestions.Youmayuseanyof thesourcesto helpyouanswerthequestions,inadditionto thosesourcesyouweretoldto use.In answeringthequestions,youshoulduseyourknowledgeof thetopicto helpyouinterpretandevaluatethesources. (a) StudySourceA. What isthemessageof thissource?Explainyour answer. [5] (b) StudySourceBandC. How similar are the 2 sources in explaining the outbreak of the FrenchRevolution?Explainyour answer. [6] (c) StudySourceD. Howuseful isthissourcetoahistorianstudyingthecausesof theFrenchRevolution?Explainyour answer. [7] WITHANSWER

WhatwasthemaincauseoftheFrenchRevolution? BACKGROUNDINFORMATION Readthiscarefully. Itmayhelpyoutoanswersomeofthequestions. TheFrenchRevolutionwasa periodof radicalsocialandpoliticalupheavalinFrancethathada lastingimpactonFrenchhistoryandmorebroadlythroughoutEurope.Political,social,andeconomicconditionsin Francecontributedto thediscontentfeltbymanyFrenchpeople-especiallythoseofthethirdestate.Theideasof theintellectualsof theEnlightenmentbroughtnewviewsof governmentandsociety. The AmericanRevolutionalsoinfluencedthe comingof the FrenchRevolution. So,whatwasthemaincausebehindtheoutbreakoftheFrenchRevolutionin1789? SourceA: StatisticsonthethreeEstatesofFrancebeforetheFrenchRevolution,publishedinatextbook,2003. SourceB: ComteD’Antraigues,apro-monarchyFrenchnobleman, speakingaboutthecausesoftheFrenchRevolutioninexileinItalyafter1789. The condition of France alonedidnot bringabout theoverthrowof themonarchy…for thesufferingof the people was not greater than they had been before. The ideas of the philosophers were notdirectly responsible for the outbreak…[but] thesparkthat changedthought intoactionwassuppliedby the Declaration of American Independence…The American example caused the Revolution tobreakout… 2

SourceC: Excerptfroma textbookaboutthesituationin ParisjustbeforetheFrenchRevolution. Innormaltimesa workerspentupto50percentofhisincomeonbread.InAugust1788thepriceofa 1.8kgloafwas9 sous.ByMarch1789,it hadrisentoover14sousperloaf.Bythespringof1789aParisianworkercouldbespending88percentof his wageson bread.ThiscausedhardshipandunrestamongsttheParisianpopulation.Forexample,on28April1789,thepremisesofa prosperouswallpapermanufacturer, Reveillon,weresetonfire,followinga rumourthathewasgoingtoreducewages.Butthisriotwasmorea violentprotestagainstthescarcityandhighpriceof breadthana protestagainstwages.At least50 peoplewerekilledorwoundedbytroops. SourceD: Excerptsfromcahiers(listsofgrievancesfromthepeopleofFrancecompiledinthespringof1789)thatwereraisedintheEstatesGeneralduringthesummerof1789. SourceE:Anextractfroma historian’sviewontheNationalAssembly, takenfromatextbookprintedin2019. Theformationof theNational Assemblywasadirect challengetotheauthorityof theKing, whowasat last forced to act. On 23 June, he decided to hold a Royal Session, known as aseanceroyale,attended by all three Estates, when he would propose a series of reforms. On 20 June 1789 thedeputies of theThirdEstatefoundthat thehall inwhichtheymet hadbeenclosedtopreparefor theRoyal Session. They had not been informed and were furious. They met instead on atenniscourtnearby and took an oath, known as the Tennis Court Oath, not to disperse until they had givenFranceaconstitution. 3

SourceAcknowledgements: SourceA: Adaptedfromhttps://cdn5-ss5.sharpschool.com/UserFiles/Servers/Server_3013045/File/Crain/french_rev._dbq.pdfSourceB: Adaptedfromhttps://cdn5-ss5.sharpschool.com/UserFiles/Servers/Server_3013045/File/Crain/french_rev._dbq.pdfSourceC: Adaptedfromhttps://cdn5-ss5.sharpschool.com/UserFiles/Servers/Server_3013045/File/Crain/french_rev._dbq.pdfSourceD: DylanReesandDuncanTownsend(2019). AccesstoHistory- FranceinRevolution: 1774-1815. HodderEducationp. 34.SourceE: DylanReesandDuncanTownsend(2019). AccesstoHistory- FranceinRevolution: 1774-1815. HodderEducationp. 31. 4

AnswerScheme SourceBasedCaseStudy (a)StudySourceA.Whatisthemessageofthissource?Explainyouranswer. [5] Level Level Descriptors Marks1 Describingthesourcewithout makingvalidmessage 12 Validinference,unsupported/unexplained.Award3 marksfor twovalidinferencesidentifiedor for moredevelopeddescriptionofinference. This message of this source is to highlight that that there were deepinequalityinFrancesociety Thismessageof thissourceistoshowthat inthetaxationsystem 2 3 Validsub-messageidentified,supportedwithevidenceORexplanation. This message of this source is to highlight that that there were deepinequality in France society and in the taxation system. While the Firstand Second estates constitutes a mere 2%of the French population,theyownedmorethan35%of theland. WhiletheThirdestatewas98%of the population, but they merely controlled 65%of the land. Only theThird estate was taxed, while the richest First and Second estates didnot payanytaxes. 3 4 Validmessage,fullyexplained,withuseofsourcedetailsassupport.Award4marksforpartiallydevelopedanswers,explainedwithsourcedetailsANDhistoricalcontext.Award5marksforfullydevelopedanswers,explainedwithsourcedetailsANDhistoricalcontext. This message of this source is to highlight that that there wasdeepinequalityinFrancesocietyandinthetaxationsystem. THISANSWERISFORSOCIALINEQUALITY-While the First and Second estates constitute a mere 2% of the Frenchpopulation, they owned more than 35%of the land. The Third estate was98%of thepopulation, but theymerelycontrolled65%of theland. 4-5 5

In other words, by simple extrapolation, on average, eachmember of theFirstand Second estate was around 25 times wealthier than each member of theThirdestate. THISANSWERISONUNFAIRTAXATIONOn top of thehugeinequality, thetaxationsystemwasalsocompletelyunfair.Only the Thirdestatewastaxed, whiletherichest First andSecondestatesdidnot pay any taxes. In other words, not were the poor in pre-1789 barelysurviving, they had to bear the burden alone. This unfair system was notsustainable in the long run. The poor quicklyrevoltedasthesituationwasnotaddressed quickly in 1789. Hence, great inequality in wealthandtaxationwasanimportant causeof theFrenchRevolution. (5m) FROMMYCONTEXTUALKNOWLEDGEThe inability of the French peasantry and workers to tide over poor harvestsand natural disasters became more and more pronounced during the latterhalf of the18 th century.E.g. After the harsh winter of 1788, cost of daily bread soaredtomorethanhalf of average daily wages in Paris and thisledtoseveral breadriotsinthecity. JohnAdamsevendescribedtheFrenchcountrysideasaheapof ashesin1775. ThiswaswhentheFrenchnobilityandhigher clergycontinuedtobeextravagant. The wealth were insensitive in flaunting their wealth, egQueenMarieAntoinette’sinfamousspendingonjewellery, parties&dresses. (4m) b)StudySourceBandC.Howsimilararethe2sourcesinexplainingtheoutbreakoftheFrenchRevolution?Explainyouranswer. [6] Level Level Descriptors MarksL1 Describesthesource(s), withnointerpretation, or comparisonORProvenance/SourceTypeonly E.g.SourceBtalksabout theFrenchRevolution.SourceCisabout Parisin1788-89. OR Thesourcesaredifferent becauseoneisaprimaryandtheother isasecondarysource. 1 L2 Identifysimilarityand/or difference, without evidenceand/orexplanation. E.g.Thesourcesaresimilar inshowingthat theunhappyFrenchpeoplewantedachangeof government througharevolution. 2 6

ORThesourcesaredifferent intheir accountsof howtheFrenchrevolutioncameabout. L3 SimilarityORDifferencebasedoncontent/message, explainedandsupportedwithevidence.E.g.SIMILARABOUTTHESUFFERINGOFTHRPOOR Thesourcesaresimilar inshowingthat theFrenchpeoplewereindeedsufferinggreatlyintheperiodbeforetheFrenchRevolution.ComteD’AntraiguesinSourceBrevealedthat thepeopleof Francehadbeensufferingfor alongtime. Thisislikelyduetothegreat inequalityandunfair taxationsystemthat placedtheThirdestateunder